Biology of Sport
eISSN: 2083-1862
ISSN: 0860-021X
Biology of Sport
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1/2022
vol. 39
 
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abstract:
Original paper

The importance of previous season performance on world-class 200- and 400-m individual medley swimming

Jose A Del Castillo
1
,
José María González-Ravé
2
,
Francisco Hermosilla Perona
2, 3
,
Jesus Santos del Cerro
2
,
David B. Pyne
4

  1. Catalonian Swimming Federation (Barcelona, Spain) and High Performance Center, Alcalde Barnils, Av. 3–5, 08174 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
  2. University of Castilla La Mancha, Sports Training Laboratory, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Carlos III Avenue, 45071 Toledo, Spain
  3. University of Nebrija, Sport Sciences. Faculty of language and education, Del Hostal Street, 28248 Hoyo de Manzanares, Madrid, Spain
  4. University of Canberra, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, Faculty of Health, 11 Kirinari St, Bruce, ACT, 2617, Australia
Biol Sport. 2022;39(1):45–51.
Online publish date: 2021/02/23
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We examined the degree to which 200-m and 400-m Individual Medley (IM) performance was related to sprint-, middle- and long-distance events before a swimmer reached a Top-20 world ranking. A retrospective longitudinal modelling study was conducted. Data on Top-20 swimmers between 2010 and 2018 were obtained from publicly available websites. A general linear model was used to examine associations between 200-m and 400-mIM performance (FINA ranking points) and performance in sprint, middle-distance and distance events in the previous two years. In the 200-mIM, there were significant associations (p < 0.001) between prior competition results obtained for both the 200-mIM (r = 0.80; β = 0.543) and 400-m IM (r = 0.70; β = 0.317) events before the Top-20 performance in 200-mIM in the year of the Top-20. Sprint distance events were associated (p < 0.006; r = 0.39; β = 0.088) with 200-mIM (t). Each additional 10 FINA points in the 200-mIM in each of the two years preceding the Top-20 performance. were associated with an increase of 5 FINA points in 200-mIM in in the year of the Top-20 (goodness of fit R2 = 0.70). There were similar associations (p < 0.001) for a Top 20-FINA 400-mIM performance with both 200-mIM (r = 0.72; β = 0.385) and 400-m IM (r = 0.79; β = 0.492) events in the two years before a swimmer reached the Top20. Middle-distance events were associated with 400-mIM performance (p < 0.001; r = 0.53; β = 0.163). Each additional 10 FINA points in 400-mIM in in each of the two years preceding the Top-20 performance were associated with an increase of 5 FINA points in in the year that a swimmer reached the Top-20 (goodness of fit R2 = 0.75). The specificity and complexity of the IM require a thorough preparation in this event for worldclass performances. The 200-mIM is more closely related to sprint distance events, whereas middle-distance events support preparations for the 400-mIM.
keywords:

Middle-distance, Stroke, Swimming, Elite, Top

 
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