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Pediatria Polska - Polish Journal of Paediatrics
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3/2023
vol. 98
 
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abstract:
Original paper

Analysis of serum levels of interleukin-18 in the acute and past infection of mononucleosis in children

Katarzyna Leszko
1
,
Kacper Toczyłowski
2
,
Eryk Latoch
3
,
Artur Sulik
2
,
Beata Żelazowska-Rutkowska
1

  1. Department of Pediatric Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
  2. Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
  3. Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
Pediatr Pol 2023; 98 (3): 192-196
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/polp.2023.131568
Online publish date: 2023/09/27
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Introduction
The objective of the current study was to assess the serum level of interleukin‑18 (IL-18) in children with mononucleosis and to compare the expression of this cytokine in the acute and past phase of the infection.

Material and methods
The level of IL-18 was determined using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits (Cloud-Clone Corp China). Other laboratory findings (white blood cells – WBC, C-reactive protein – CRP, alanine aminotransferase – ALT, aspartate transaminase – AST, lactate dehydrogenase – LDH, γ-glutamyl transferase – GGT) were determined using routine laboratory methods using a Cobas c501 and Sysmex 4000i.

Results
The level of IL-18 was significantly higher in the acute phase compared to the past stage of the disease (45.3 pg/ml vs. 21.6 pg/ml; p = 0.001) and in the acute phase compared to the control group (45.3 pg/ml vs. 23.8 pg/ml; p = 0.045).

Conclusions
In conclusion, this study shows that serum concentration of IL-18 in children with mononucleosis in the acute phase is increased, thus confirming the ongoing inflammatory process. We also suggest that IL-18 can be a useful new marker to differentiate between the acute and past phase of the disease. The determination of IL-18 with the activities of AST, ALT, LDH, GGT, leukocytosis (WBC) and the level of acute phase protein (CRP) may help assess the phase of the disease.

keywords:

mononucleosis, interleukin‑18, acute and past phase