Asthma diagnosis and learning disabilities among children in the United States

Background
This study intends to investigate the impact of socio-economic factors on children with asthma, as well as the impact of these factors on their academic performance.

Objectives
This work aims at studying asthma and learning disabilities in the United States during the years 2009–2018 and to find not only statistically significant indicators for asthma but also a possible link between asthma and learning disabilities.

Material and methods
The statistical methods used to extract the results of this work are the chi-square test and One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) in order to check the statistical significance of asthma with regard to the socio-economic factors of patients. Additionally, a multiple logistic regression analysis was used with the odds ratio (OR) to find statistically significant prognostic factors for both asthma and learning disabilities.

Results
As specified by multiple logistic regression analysis, males who have neither a mother nor father have a higher risk of developing both asthma and learning disabilities, while Black or African Americans are three times more at risk for the occurrence of these types of diseases. In addition, parents’ education and family income proved to also be prognostic risks for both asthma and learning disabilities.

Conclusions
The results of this work explain the significance of deprivation (of family and financial support) as the main prognostic risk factor for asthma. Moreover, the same factor proved to be the main prognostic risk factor for learning disabilities as for asthma, which implies a possible association between asthma and learning disabilities.