eISSN: 2299-551X
ISSN: 0011-4553
Journal of Stomatology
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4/2021
vol. 74
 
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abstract:
Original paper

Bone regeneration capacity of adipose tissue-derived stem cells in rabbit periodontitis-induced bone defect model

Gulzhan Yermukhanova
1
,
Vladimir Rusanov
2
,
Aliya Bayakhmetova
3
,
Yuliya Menchisheva
2
,
Gulzakira Ksetaeva
1
,
Nurzhamal Yermukhanova
1

  1. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
  2. Department of Surgical Dentistry, S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
  3. Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
J Stoma 2021; 74, 4: 227-235
Online publish date: 2021/12/19
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Introduction
Periodontitis is one of the most common oral infectious disease. Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) have become widely studied for their possibilities for regeneration of periodontal bone defect. However, bone regeneration efficiency of AD-MSCs combined with transplantation materials in periodontal bone defects remains unclear.

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to compare the effects of two repair methods with and without application of AD-MSCs in a rabbit’s periodontal defect model.

Material and methods
Experimental periodontitis was initiated in eighteen rabbits. Animals were divided into two groups, including Col-HA only (group 1) and Col-HA + AD-MSCs (group 2), and implanted in rabbit periodontitis-induced bone defect. To evaluate difference in these two groups, we used histological analysis of the samples and X-ray. For comparison of grey-level frequency in X-ray samples of the two groups, Otsu’s method was applied.

Results
Post-operative wounds in group 2 healed three days earlier than in group 1, starting from a formation of fibrous tissue, cartilage, and osteoid tissue, and ending with a formation of full-plate bone tissue. X-ray evaluations showed that more intensive reparative regeneration in post-operative bone cavity was observed in animals of group 2. The 90th day samples with AD-MSCs presented more differentiated gray-level than the 90th day samples without AD-MSCs.

Conclusions
The results of the study suggest that the use of transplantation material (Col-HA) with AD-MSCs has positive effects, contributing to the improvement of reparative regeneration of bone tissue in the periodontal bone defect area.

keywords:

experimental periodontitis, bone regeneration, adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells, periodontal surgery

 
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