eISSN: 1897-4309
ISSN: 1428-2526
Contemporary Oncology/Współczesna Onkologia
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2/2024
vol. 28
 
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abstract:
Original paper

Characteristics and outcomes of patients with lymphoma who developed therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome – a retrospective analysis of the Polish Adult Leukemia Group

Aleksandra Gołos
1
,
Damian Mikulski
2
,
Monika Grobelska-Kowalik
3
,
Krzysztof Mądry
4
,
Karol Lis
4
,
Marta Sobas
5
,
Agnieszka Ożańska
5
,
Magdalena Czemerska
1
,
Dorota Hawrylecka
6
,
Agnieszka Stelmach-Gołdyś
7
,
Karolina Chromik
8
,
Bartosz Puła
9
,
Małgorzata Sobczyk-Kruszelnicka
10
,
Joanna Góra-Tybor
1

  1. Hematology Department, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
  2. Department Of Biostatistics And Translational Medicine, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
  3. Hematooncology Department, Provincial Multi-Specialized Oncology and Trauma Center, Łódź, Poland
  4. Department of Hematology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
  5. Department and Clinic of Haematology, Blood Neoplasms, and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
  6. Department of Hematology, Hospital Brzozów, Brzozów, Poland
  7. Department of Hematology, Holy Cross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
  8. Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Silesia, School of Medicine in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
  9. Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
  10. Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Oncohematology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2024; 28 (2): 149–157
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/wo.2024.141727
Online publish date: 2024/07/24
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Introduction:
Enhancing lymphoma outcomes increases the risk of therapy-related neoplasms such as acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (t-MDS).

Material and methods:
Our study, conducted at seven Polish hematology centers between 2011 and 2018, explores clinical features, outcomes, and prognostic factors of t-AML and t-MDS arising after initial lymphoid neoplasms.

Results:
The analysis included 57 patients of median age 65 with t-MDS (n = 38) and t-AML (n = 19). The median time to the onset of t-MDS/AML was 58.7 months. The median overall survival (OS) was 16.1 months. The presence of unfavorable cytogenetics and molecular risk factors (HR 2.88, 95% CI: 1.29–6.42, p = 0.009), hemoglobin level (HR 0.79, 95% CI: 0.65–0.95, p = 0.01) and platelets (HR 0.99, 95% CI: 0.99–0.9996, p = 0.03) were independent prognostic factors influencing OS. Therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukemia after lymphoma treatment is associated with a dismal prognosis mainly due to poor cytogenetic risk.

Conclusions:
Anemia and thrombocytopenia may indicate more severe impairment of bone marrow function, resulting in further inferior treatment outcomes.

keywords:

lymphoma, therapy-related myeloid neoplasm, therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome, therapy- related acute myeloid leukemia
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