Characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis patients in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq/Duhok Governorate

Mohammed Sahmi Ahmed; Mohammed Tahir Rasool

doi:10.5114/fmpcr.2025.146963

eISSN: 2449-8580
ISSN: 1734-3402

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

Current issue Archive Manuscripts accepted About the journal Editorial board Reviewers Abstracting and indexing Subscription Contact Instructions for authors Publication charge Ethical standards and procedures

Editorial System

Submit your Manuscript

Open access

1/2025
vol. 27

Send email

Copy url:

Original paper

Characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis patients in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq/Duhok Governorate

Mohammed Sahmi Ahmed

^{1, 2}

,

Mohammed Tahir Rasool

³

Kurdistan Higher Council of Medical Specialties, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Researches, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Duhok Center of Rheumatic Diseases and Medical Rehabilitation, Duhok General Directorate of Health, Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Duhok, Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review 2025; 27(1): 7–14

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/fmpcr.2025.146963

Online publish date: 2025/03/26

Article file

- 02 FM&PCR 1 25 - O - Ahmed - 1669 - Characteristics.pdf [0.32 MB]

Get citation

PlumX metrics:

1. Kochi Y, Suzuki A, Yamada R, et al. Genetics of rheumatoid arthritis: underlying evidence of ethnic differences. J Autoimmun 2009; 32: 158–162.

2. Almutairi KB, Nossent JC, Preen DB, et al. The prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review of population-based studies. J Rheumatol 2021; 48: 669–676.

3. Safiri S, Kolahi AA, Hoy D, et al. Global, regional and national burden of rheumatoid arthritis 1990–2017: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study 2017. Ann Rheum Dis 2019; 78: 1463–1471.

4. Neumann E, Lefèvre S, Zimmermann B, et al. Rheumatoid arthritis progression mediated by activated synovial fibroblasts. Trends Mol Med 2010; 16(10): 458–468.

5. Hradil J, Jurák L, Brabec R, et al. Reconstruction of Upper Cervical Spine and Craniovertebral Junction. Springer, 2011. Available from URL: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-642-13158-5.

6. Hoovestol RA, Mikuls TR. Environmental exposures and rheumatoid arthritis risk. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2011; 13(5): 431–439.

7. de Vries R. Genetics of rheumatoid arthritis: time for a change! Curr Opin Rheumatol 2011; 23(3): 227–232.

8. Taylor PC, Atzeni F, Balsa A, et al. The key comorbidities in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a narrative review. J Clin Med 2021; 10(3): 509.

9. Løppenthin K, Esbensen BA, Østergaard M, et al. Morbidity and mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis compared with an age-and sex-matched control population: A nationwide register study. J Comorb 2019; 9: 2235042X19853484.

10. Listing J, Gerhold K, Zink A. The risk of infections associated with rheumatoid arthritis, with its comorbidity and treatment. Rheumatology 2013; 52: 53–61.

11. Imanuel CA, Sivatheesan S, Koyanagi A, et al. Associations between Rheumatoid Arthritis and Various Comorbid Conditions in Germany – A Retrospective Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12: 7265.

12. Balsa A, Lojo-Oliveira L, Alperi-López M, et al. Prevalence of comorbidities in rheumatoid arthritis and evaluation of their monitoring in clinical practice: the Spanish cohort of the COMORA study. Reumatol Clin 2019; 15: 102–108.

13. Greenmyer JR, Stacy JM, Sahmoun AE, et al. DAS28 – CRP cutoffs for high disease activity and remission are lower than DAS28 – ESR in rheumatoid arthritis. ACR Open Rheumatol 2020; 2(9): 507–511.

14. Wasserman AM. Diagnosis and management of rheumatoid arthritis. Am Fam Physician 2011; 84(11): 1245–1252.

15. Aletaha D, Neogi T, Silman AJ, et al. 2010 Rheumatoid arthritis classification criteria: an American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism collaborative initiative. Arthritis Rheum 2010; 62(9): 2569–2581.

16. Albarzinji N, Ismael SA, Albustany D. Association of rheumatoid arthritis and its severity with human leukocytic antigen-DRB1 alleles in Kurdish region in North of Iraq. BMC Rheumatol 2022; 6(1): 4, doi: 10.1186/s41927-021-00229-9.

17. Younis KR, Al-Bustany DA. Prevalence of obesity in rheumatoid arthritis and its association with disease activity and latex positivity in a sample of patients in Erbil. Zanco J Med Sci 2017; 21: 1726–1735.

18. Getta HA, Khoshnaw N, Alwan AF, et al. Types of anaemia and its correlation with disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis among Kurdish population of Iraq. Iraqi Journal of Hematology 2016; 5: 114–128.

19. Vidal C, Barnetche T, Morel J, et al. Association of body mass index categories with disease activity and radiographic joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and metaanalysis. J Rheumatol 2015; 42(12): 2261–2269.

20. Caplan L, Davis LA, Bright CM, et al. Body mass index and the rheumatoid arthritis swollen joint count: an observational study. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2013; 65(1): 101–106.

21. Gentile M, Panico S, Rubba F, et al. Obesity, overweight, and weight gain over adult life are main determinants of elevated hs-CRP in a cohort of Mediterranean women. Eur J Clin Nutr 2010; 64(8): 873–878.

22. Taylor R Jr, Pergolizzi JV, Raffa RB, et al. Pain and obesity in the older adult. Curr Pharm Des 2014; 20(38): 6037–6041.

23. Siebert S, Lyall DM, Mackay DF, et al. Characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis and its association with major comorbid conditions: cross-sectional study of 502 649 UK Biobank participants. RMD Open 2016; 2(1): e000267.

Copyright: © 2025 Family Medicine & Primary Care Review. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/), allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.

Characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis patients in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq/Duhok Governorate

Mohammed Sahmi Ahmed 1, 2 , Mohammed Tahir Rasool 3

Mohammed Sahmi Ahmed

^{1, 2}

,

Mohammed Tahir Rasool

³