Clinical significance of cytokeratin 19 and OCT4 as survival markers in non-metastatic and metastatic breast cancer patients

Lobna A. Abdelaziz; Huda Ebian; Ola Harb; Yousef Nosery; Heba Taha; Nashwa Nawar

doi:10.5114/wo.2022.115678

eISSN: 1897-4309
ISSN: 1428-2526

Contemporary Oncology/Współczesna Onkologia

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1/2022
vol. 26

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abstract:

Original paper

Clinical significance of cytokeratin 19 and OCT4 as survival markers in non-metastatic and metastatic breast cancer patients

Lobna A. Abdelaziz

¹

,

Huda F. Ebian

²

,

Ola A. Harb

³

,

Yousef Nosery

³

,

Heba F. Taha

⁴

,

Nashwa Nawar

¹

Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt

Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2022; 26 (1): 78–87

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/wo.2022.115678

Online publish date: 2022/03/30

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Introduction
Cytokeratin 19 (CK19) is highly expressed in epithelial tumours such as breast cancer (BC). Octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4), a transcription factor of the POU (Pit-Oct-UNC) family, plays a critical role in the self-renewal and maintenance of pluripotency of embryonic stem cells; therefore, it has been used as a promising CSC marker.

Material and methods
CK19 was assessed in peripheral blood using flow-cytometric analysis while OCT4 was evaluated in breast tissue samples by immunohistochemistry from 70 patients (non-metastatic BC, metastatic BC, and non-malignant breast tumours).

Results
CK19 and OCT4 were significantly associated with BC patients compared to control (p < 0.001). CK19 was detected in 38 patients with BC (62.2%); meanwhile, OCT4 was positive in 37 BC patients (60.6%). CK19 was positively associated with grade (p = 0.002), HER2 (p = 0.009), metastasis (p = 0.026), molecular subtypes and LN (p < 0.001), and stage (p = 0.001) while OCT4 expression was positively associated with BMI (p < 0.023), aggressive molecular subtype (p < 0.019), ER expression (p = 0.025), presence of LN metastases (p < 0.017), and distant metastasis (p < 0.018). A non-significant relation was found between the expression of CK19 and OCT (p = 0.291). The positive expression of CK19 and OCT4 was significantly and inversely associated with both 3-year OS and 3-year PFS.

Conclusions
CK19 and OCT4 are associated with BC, so they can be considered as prognostic and predictive markers for poor OS and PFS in non-metastatic as well as metastatic BC patients.

keywords:

Clinical significance of cytokeratin 19 and OCT4 as survival markers in non-metastatic and metastatic breast cancer patients

Lobna A. Abdelaziz 1 , Huda F. Ebian 2 , Ola A. Harb 3 , Yousef Nosery 3 , Heba F. Taha 4 , Nashwa Nawar 1

breast cancer, CK19, OCT4, outcome

Lobna A. Abdelaziz

¹

,

Huda F. Ebian

²

,

Ola A. Harb

³

,

Yousef Nosery

³

,

Heba F. Taha

⁴

,

Nashwa Nawar

¹