Coexistence of enterotoxigenic <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and cytotoxic <i>Clostridium difficile</i> as predisposing factors for septic shock in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Baran Parhizkar; Masoud Alebouyeh; Anahita Dezfulian; Masoumeh Azimi Rad; Bahram Bahreini; Ehsan Nazemalhosseini; Mohammad Mehdi Aslani; Mohammad Reza Zali

doi:10.5114/pg.2013.36337

eISSN: 1897-4317
ISSN: 1895-5770

Gastroenterology Review/Przegląd Gastroenterologiczny

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3/2013
vol. 8

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abstract:

Case report

**Coexistence of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus and cytotoxic Clostridium difficile as predisposing factors for septic shock in patients with inflammatory bowel disease**

Baran Parhizkar

,

Masoud Alebouyeh

,

Anahita Dezfulian

,

Masoumeh Azimi Rad

,

Bahram Bahreini

,

Ehsan Nazemalhosseini

,

Mohammad Mehdi Aslani

,

Mohammad Reza Zali

Prz Gastroenterol 2013; 8 (3): 206–210

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/pg.2013.36337

Online publish date: 2013/07/04

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AMA

Parhizkar B, Alebouyeh M, Dezfulian A, et al. Coexistence of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus and cytotoxic Clostridium difficile as predisposing factors for septic shock in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology Review/Przegląd Gastroenterologiczny. 2013;8(3):206-210. doi:10.5114/pg.2013.36337.

APA

Parhizkar, B., Alebouyeh, M., Dezfulian, A., Rad, M., Bahreini, B.,  & Nazemalhosseini, E. et al. (2013). Coexistence of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus and cytotoxic Clostridium difficile as predisposing factors for septic shock in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology Review/Przegląd Gastroenterologiczny, 8(3), 206-210. https://doi.org/10.5114/pg.2013.36337

Chicago

Parhizkar, Baran, Masoud Alebouyeh, Anahita Dezfulian, Masoumeh Azimi Rad, Bahram Bahreini, Ehsan Nazemalhosseini,  and Mohammad Mehdi Aslani et al. 2013. "Coexistence of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus and cytotoxic Clostridium difficile as predisposing factors for septic shock in patients with inflammatory bowel disease". Gastroenterology Review/Przegląd Gastroenterologiczny 8 (3): 206-210. doi:10.5114/pg.2013.36337.

Harvard

Parhizkar, B., Alebouyeh, M., Dezfulian, A., Rad, M., Bahreini, B., Nazemalhosseini, E., Aslani, M.,  and Zali, M. (2013). Coexistence of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus and cytotoxic Clostridium difficile as predisposing factors for septic shock in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology Review/Przegląd Gastroenterologiczny, 8(3), pp.206-210. https://doi.org/10.5114/pg.2013.36337

MLA

Parhizkar, Baran et al. "Coexistence of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus and cytotoxic Clostridium difficile as predisposing factors for septic shock in patients with inflammatory bowel disease." Gastroenterology Review/Przegląd Gastroenterologiczny, vol. 8, no. 3, 2013, pp. 206-210. doi:10.5114/pg.2013.36337.

Vancouver

Parhizkar B, Alebouyeh M, Dezfulian A, Rad M, Bahreini B, Nazemalhosseini E et al. Coexistence of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus and cytotoxic Clostridium difficile as predisposing factors for septic shock in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology Review/Przegląd Gastroenterologiczny. 2013;8(3):206-210. doi:10.5114/pg.2013.36337.

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Superimposed infections in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have drawn considerable attention in the disease managements that can lead to increased rates of colectomy and mortality. We followed a case of an IBD patient with severe bloody diarrhea (more than 10 times a day) and diffuse ulceration in his colon that mimicked a flare-up of IBD. Stool examination showed enteric overgrown enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus (sea+) together with a low count of cytotoxic Clostridium difficile (tcdB+) bacteria. Antibiotic therapy with oral vancomycin as the sole in vitro determined effective drug normalized the patient’s clinical features. The patient died of post-surgical septic shock after colectomy that had been conducted because of deterioration of his clinical state one week after the antibiotic therapy. Sudden release of overgrown intestinal S. aureus superantigens (sea and peptidoglycan) with regard to the cooperative effect of C. difficile infection was suspected as a predisposing factor for severe disease.

keywords:

Coexistence of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus and cytotoxic Clostridium difficile as predisposing factors for septic shock in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Baran Parhizkar , Masoud Alebouyeh , Anahita Dezfulian , Masoumeh Azimi Rad , Bahram Bahreini , Ehsan Nazemalhosseini , Mohammad Mehdi Aslani , Mohammad Reza Zali

Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium difficile, bacterial superantigens, inflammatory bowel disease, sepsis

**Coexistence of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus and cytotoxic Clostridium difficile as predisposing factors for septic shock in patients with inflammatory bowel disease**

Baran Parhizkar

,

Masoud Alebouyeh

,

Anahita Dezfulian

,

Masoumeh Azimi Rad

,

Bahram Bahreini

,

Ehsan Nazemalhosseini

,

Mohammad Mehdi Aslani

,

Mohammad Reza Zali