Correlation of the chemical composition of enamel and oral fluid with intact teeth and cervical caries

Introduction
Caries is a widespread polyetiological disease. Oral fluid properties and composition play an important role in its development and progression.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to present the ability of different voxel sizes in identifying osseous defects of mandibular condyle using CBCT images.

Material and methods
We determined Сa2+, РО4 3–, and SO4 2– using spectrophotometric method, Na+, K+, Al by atomic emission spectrometry, Mg2+, Zn by atomic absorption spectrometry, Cl– using chloride-selective electrode of pH-meter in oral fluid of 22 patients divided into two groups: case DMFT = 1.45 ± 0.48 and control DMFT = 0. Correlation of oral fluid and cervical enamel chemical composition of 19 extracted teeth was made.

Results
The values of molar coefficients were high in intact teeth enamel: P/Ca by 10%, Mg/Ca by 82%, and K/Na by 50%. The following values were lower: Ca/P by 10%, Ca/Cl by 16%, and Mg/P by 43% (p ≤ 0.05). The distinctive feature of correlation of oral fluid and enamel chemical composition in the control group patients was the presence of average Mg2+ bond strength: direct with Cl– , K+, and Na+, and inverse with Сa2+ and РО4 3– (p < 0.0001). The correlation between molar coefficients of oral fluid and enamel of patients with intact hard tissues was distinguished by the presence of high direct correlation of Mg2+/Са2+ with РО4 3–/Сa2+, moderate inverse correlation of Са2+/Cl– with РО4 3–/Сa2+, and the absence of moderate correlation of Mg2+/Са2+ with Са2+/РО4 3– (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions
Revealed correlations may be used to diagnose cervical caries and control the effectiveness of its prevention in terms of mixed saliva over time.