Correlations between variables of posture and postural stability in children

Introduction
The results of postural re-education still being unsatisfactory are inspiration to search for new diagnostic and therapeutic methods. Despite the considerable strength and endurance of core muscles, body segments are often misaligned and even develop postural defects and scoliosis.

Aim of the research
To analyse the relationship between body posture variables and the stability of children’s posture.

Material and methods
The study involved 301 children (age 10–12) from 3 different primary schools. Body posture examination was performed with the Diers formetric III 4D. Postural stability was evaluated via the Biodex Balance System platform.

Results
Canonical analysis of selected variables characterising postural stability (left set) and body posture (right set) allowed formation of significant canonical variables and were correlated at the level of (R = 0.267, p = 0.002). In canonical correlations regarding body posture defects the largest shares regarded: trunk length VP-SP (mm), trunk inclination VP-DM (°), trunk imbalance VP-DM (°), pelvic tilt in degrees (°), surface rotation (°) and lateral deviation VP-DM (max) (mm). In the case of variables concerning postural stability, the largest share was attributed to: OSI, percentage of time in quadrant III (%) and percentage of time in quadrant IV (%).

Conclusions
Significant correlations were found between the postural variables and postural stability. The higher the values of postural sway, the more pronounced the defects in body posture. Due to the significant relationship between posture variables and posture stability, there is a need to implement rehabilitation exercises in therapy to improve postural stability. Therefore, it is very important to be able to notice even discrete disturbances in the development of the antigravity system, perform qualitative analysis of postural and motor compensation patterns, and predict their consequences. Such an approach to the problem of posture defects will allow for the creation of rational, individually tailored therapeutic programs.