1. Kim HS, Kim NC, Ahn SH. Impact of a nurse short message service intervention for patients with diabetes. J Nurs Care Qual 2006; 21(3): 266–271.
2.
Saeedi P, Petersohn I, Salpea P, et al. Global and regional diabetes prevalence estimates for 2019 and projections for 2030 and 2045: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas, 9th edition. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019; 157: 107843, doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.107843.
3.
Diabetes in MENA [Internet] [cited 19.05.2022]. Available from URL: https://www.idf.org/our-network/regions-members/middle-east-and-north-africa/diabetes-in-mena.html.
4.
Meo SA, Sheikh SA, Sattar K, et al. Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Men in the Middle East: A Retrospective Study. Am J Mens Health 2019; 13(3): 1557988319848577, doi: 10.1177/1557988319848577.
5.
Alhowaish AK. Economic costs of diabetes in Saudi Arabia. J Family Community Med 2013; 20(1): 1–7.
6.
Moucheraud C, Lenz C, Latkovic M, et al. The costs of diabetes treatment in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review. BMJ Glob Health 2019; 4(1): e001258.
7.
Diabetes Atlas 2nd Edition WDF02-027 [Internet]. World diabetes foundation. 2012 [cited 28.04.2022]. Available from URL: https://www.worlddiabetesfoundation.org/projects/denmark-wdf02-027.
8.
Chawla A, Chawla R, Jaggi S. Microvasular and macrovascular complications in diabetes mellitus: distinct or continuum? Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2016; 20(4): 546–551.
9.
Raveendran AV, Chacko EC, Pappachan JM. Non-pharmacological Treatment Options in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus. Eur Endocrinol 2018; 14(2): 31–39.
10.
Aberer F, Hochfellner DA, Mader JK. Application of Telemedicine in Diabetes Care: The Time is Now. Diabetes Ther 2021; 12(3): 629–639.
11.
Al-Sofiani ME, Alyusuf EY, Alharthi S, el al. Rapid Implementation of a Diabetes Telemedicine Clinic During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak: Our Protocol, Experience, and Satisfaction Reports in Saudi Arabia. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2020; 15(2): 329–338.
12.
Alharbi KG, Aldosari MN, Alhassan AM, el al. Patient satisfaction with virtual clinic during Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in primary healthcare, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. J Family Community Med 2021; 28(1): 48–54.
13.
Nasser AA, Alzahrani RM, Fellah CA, et al. Measuring the Patients’ Satisfaction About Telemedicine Used in Saudi Arabia During COVID-19 Pandemic. Cureus 2021; 13(2): e13382, doi: 10.7759/cureus.13382.
14.
Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ 2021; 372: n71, doi: 10.1136/bmj.n71.
15.
Ouzzani M, Hammady H, Fedorowicz Z, el al. Rayyan – a web and mobile app for systematic reviews. Systematic Reviews 2016; 5(1): 210, doi: 10.1186/s13643-016-0384-4.
16.
Sterne JAC, Savović J, Page MJ, et al. RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ 2019; 366: l4898, doi: 10.1136/bmj.l4898.
17.
Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions [Internet] [cited 12.04.2022]. Available from URL: https://training.cochrane.org/handbook.
18.
Higgins JPT, Thompson SG. Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis. Stat Med 2002; 21(11): 1539–1558.
19.
Goodarzi M, Ebrahimzadeh I, Rabi A, el al. Impact of distance education via mobile phone text messaging on knowledge, attitude, practice and self efficacy of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Iran. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2012; 11: 10, doi: 10.1186/2251-6581-11-10.
20.
Sarayani A, Mashayekhi M, Nosrati M, et al. Efficacy of a telephone-based intervention among patients with type-2 diabetes; a randomized controlled trial in pharmacy practice. Int J Clin Pharm 2018; 40(2): 345–353.
21.
Peimani M, Rambod C, Omidvar M, et al. Effectiveness of short message service-based intervention (SMS) on self-care in type 2 diabetes: A feasibility study. Prim Care Diabetes 2016; 10(4): 251–258.
22.
Alanzi T, Alanazi NR, Istepanian R, el al. Evaluation of the effectiveness of mobile diabetes management system with social networking and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for T2D. Mhealth 2018; 4: 35, doi: 10.21037/mhealth.2018.06.05.
23.
Alotaibi MM, Istepanian R, Philip N. A mobile diabetes management and educational system for type-2 diabetics in Saudi Arabia (SAED). Mhealth 2016; 2: 33, doi: 10.21037/mhealth.2016.08.01.
24.
Abaza H, Marschollek M. SMS education for the promotion of diabetes self-management in low & middle income countries: a pilot randomized controlled trial in Egypt. BMC Public Health 2017; 17(1): 962.
25.
Stratton IM, Adler AI, Neil HA, et al. Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): prospective observational study. BMJ 2000; 321(7258): 405–412.
26.
Feigerlová E, Oussalah A, Zuily S, et al. E-health education interventions on HbA1c in patients with type 1 diabetes on intensive insulin therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2020; 36(6): e3313, doi: 10.1002/dmrr.3313.
27.
The challenges of managing type 2 diabetes in primary care [Internet]. Nursing Times 2008 [cited 12.04.2022]. Available from URL: https://www.nursingtimes.net/clinical-archive/diabetes-clinical-archive/the-challenges-of-managing-type-2-diabetes-in-primary-care-19-02-2008/.
28.
Nowakowska M, Zghebi SS, Ashcroft DM, et al. The comorbidity burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus: patterns, clusters and predictions from a large English primary care cohort. BMC Med 2019; 17(1): 145.
29.
Chakranon P, Lai YK, Tang YW, el al. Distal technology interventions in people with diabetes: an umbrella review of multiple health outcomes. Diabet Med 2020; 37(12): 1966–1976.