Biology of Sport
eISSN: 2083-1862
ISSN: 0860-021X
Biology of Sport
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4/2024
vol. 41
 
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abstract:
Original paper

Effects of a cardiopulmonary rehabilitation programme on submaximal exercise in Tunisian patients with long-COVID19: A randomized clinical trial

Rania Kaddoussi
1
,
Hadhemi Rejeb
2
,
Amine Kalai
3
,
Eya Zaara
1
,
Naceur Rouetbi
1
,
Zohra Ben Salah Frih
3
,
Piotr Zmijewski
4
,
Helmi Ben Saad
5, 6, 7

  1. Department of Pneumology, Fattouma Bourguiba Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia
  2. Ibn Nafiss department of Pneumology, Abdelrahman Mami hospital, Ariana, Tunisia
  3. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Fattouma Bourguiba Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia
  4. Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
  5. Heart Failure (LR12SP09) Research Laboratory, Farhat HACHED Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
  6. Laboratory of Physiology. Faculty of Medicine of Sousse. University of Sousse, Sousse Tunisia
  7. Department of Physiology and Functional Exploration. Farhat HACHED Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
Biol Sport. 2024;41(4):197–217
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2024.139072
Online publish date: 2024/04/25
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There is a lack of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) exploring the outcomes of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation programmes (CPRPs) on submaximal aerobic capacity of long COVID-19 patients (LC19Ps). This RCT aimed to evaluate the effect of an ambulatory CPRP on the 6-min walk test (6MWT) data (main outcome: 6-min walk distance (6MWD)) of LC19Ps. Conducted as a single-blinded RCT, the study included Tunisian LC19Ps with persistent dyspnoea (i.e. modified medical research council (mMRC) level ≥2) at least three months postdiagnosis. LC19Ps were randomly assigned to the intervention (IG, n = 20) or control (CG, n = 10) groups. Pre- and post-CPRP evaluations included dyspnoea assessments (Borg and mMRC scales), anthropometric data, spirometry, and 6MWT. The CPRP (i.e. 18 sessions over six weeks) encompassed warm-up, aerobic training, resistance training, respiratory exercises, and therapeutic education. The CPRP significantly improved i) dyspnoea, i.e. IG exhibited larger reductions compared to the CG in Borg (-3.5 ± 2.0 vs. -1.3 ± 1.5) and mMRC (-1.5 ± 0.8 vs. -0.1 ± 0.3) scales, and ii) 6MWD, i.e. IG demonstrated larger improvements compared to the CG in 6MWD (m, %) (168 ± 99 vs. 5 ± 45 m, 28 ± 8 vs. 1 ± 8%, respectively), and resting heart rate (bpm, % maximal predicted heart rate) (-9 ± 9 vs. 1 ± 7 bpm; -5 ± 6 vs. 0 ± 4%, respectively), with small effect sizes. In the IG, the 1.5-point decrease in mMRC and the 168 m increase in 6MWD exceeded the recommended minimal clinical important differences of 1 point and 30 m, respectively. CPRP appears to be effective in enhancing the submaximal exercise capacity of LC19Ps, particularly in improving 6MWD, dyspnoea, and resting heart rate. RCT registration: www.pactr.org; PACTR202303849880222.
keywords:

Ambulatory cardiopulmonary rehabilitation, Long-term COVID-19 effects, MCID, Persistent COVID-19 symptoms, Post-acute COVID-19, Randomized clinical trial, Submaximal exercise capacity, Therapeutic education

  
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