eISSN: 1644-4124
ISSN: 1426-3912
Central European Journal of Immunology
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2/2023
vol. 48
 
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abstract:
Clinical immunology

Effects of theophylline combined with inhaled corticosteroids on patients with moderate and severe asthma and changes of T lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood

Xiaozhen Cai
1
,
Rong Rong
1
,
Yidan Huang
1
,
Xiaowen Pu
1
,
Nanhai Ge
1

  1. Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Houjie Hospital Affiliated to Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
Cent Eur J Immunol 2023; 48 (2): 135-143
Online publish date: 2023/06/30
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Introduction:
Asthma is a common respiratory disease. Theophylline combined with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) is a promising therapy for asthma. This study explored the therapeutic effects of ICS combined with theophylline on moderate and severe asthma patients and T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+CD8+ T cells) in peripheral blood.

Material and methods:
A total of 202 moderate and severe asthma patients were selected, with 101 treated with theophylline combined with ICS and 101 treated with ICS alone as controls. Lung function [forced expiratory volume within 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and peak expiratory flow (PEF)] were tested using a spirometer. Asthma symptom control was evaluated by asthma control tests (ACT). The life quality was evaluated using the Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ). The number and percentage of CD3+ T, CD3+CD4+ T and CD3+CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were assessed by flow cytometry. The correlation between CD3+CD8+ T cells and lung function and asthma control of patients after combination therapy was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis.

Results:
Compared with moderate and severe patients treated with ICS alone, theophylline improved the efficacy of ICS. Theophylline combined with ICS decreased IL-4 and IL-6 levels, and CD3+ T and CD3+CD8+ T cell number and percentage. After combined treatment, CD3+ CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood of patients were positively correlated with lung function and negatively correlated with asthma control.

Conclusions:
The additional use of theophylline improved the efficacy of corticosteroids in asthma patient treatment and reduced inflammation level and CD3+ T and CD3+CD8+ T cell contents in peripheral blood.

keywords:

moderate and severe asthma, theophylline, inhaled corticosteroids, lung function, quality of life, asthma control, T lymphocyte subsets, CD3+CD8+ T cell

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