Epidemiologic analysis of alert pathogens in patients hospitalized and treated on operating departments of the Mazowiecki Memorial Hospital of Radom between 2016–2018

Introduction
Epidemiological characteristics of alert pathogens in patients hospitalized in operating wards of the Mazowiecki Memorial Hospital of Radom and the assessment of influence of alert pathogens on the frequency of nosocomial infections including forms of these infections.

Material and methods
pathogens hospitalized in operating wards of the Mazowiecki Memorial Hospital of Radom between 2016 and 2018. Epidemiological analysis of the study group was conducted.

Results
In total, 353 patients (84.25%) were taken to hospital in an emergency setting, 55 (13.12%) scheduled, 4 patients (0.96%) were transferred from another hospital, and in 7 cases (1.67%) the mode of hospitalization was not defined. In 231 patients (55.13%) infections were confirmed during the first 72 hours of hospitalization, and in 188 patients (44.87%) after 72 hours (p = 0.037). Most often infections of the wound and lower respiratory tract were diagnosed (24.10%) (p < 0.001). MRSA was isolated in 90 patients (21.47%), Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL+ in 79 patients (18.85%), and Acinetobacter baumannii in 79 patients (18.85%). From the study group 333 patients (79.47%) were discharged from hospital and 86 patients (20.13%) died (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Most of the patients diagnosed with alert pathogens were hospitalized in an emergency setting. Most frequently, MRSA, Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL+, and Acine-patobacter baumannii were identified. In 2 out of 3 cases alert pathogens were isolated from infected wounds and the lower respiratory tract. The high mortality rate in the study group confirms the purposefulness of epidemiological procedure enforcement in patients admitted to hospital to diagnose alert pathogens, as well as early begin targeted antibiotic therapy.