eISSN: 1644-4124
ISSN: 1426-3912
Central European Journal of Immunology
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1/2022
vol. 47
 
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abstract:
Clinical immunology

Expression of CD73 on leukemic blasts increases during follow-up – a promising candidate marker for minimal residual disease detection in pediatric B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Łukasz Słota
1
,
Łukasz Sędek
2
,
Jan Kulis
1
,
Bartosz Perkowski
1
,
Iwona Malinowska
3
,
Joanna Zawitkowska
4
,
Bernarda Kazanowska
5
,
Katarzyna Derwich
6
,
Maciej Niedźwiecki
7
,
Agnieszka Mizia-Malarz
8
,
Katarzyna Muszyńska-Rosłan
9
,
Andrzej Kołtan
10
,
Grażyna Karolczyk
11
,
Katarzyna Machnik
12
,
Tomasz Urasiński
13
,
Monika Lejman
14
,
Wanda Badowska
15
,
Wojciech Młynarski
16
,
Jerzy Kowalczyk
4
,
Tomasz Szczepański
1

  1. Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
  2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
  3. Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
  4. Department of Pediatric, Hematology, Oncology and Transplantology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
  5. Department of Pediatric Transplantology, Oncology, Hematology, Medical University of Wrocław, Poland
  6. Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantology, Medical University of Poznań, Poland
  7. Department of Pediatrics, Hematology, Oncology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Poland
  8. Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Chemotherapy, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
  9. Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, Medical University of Białystok, Poland
  10. Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology, Collegium Medicum of Bydgoszcz, Poland
  11. Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Children’s Hospital, Kielce, Poland
  12. Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Center of Pediatrics and Oncology, Chorzów, Poland
  13. Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Szczecin, Poland
  14. Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
  15. Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children State Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland
  16. Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Łódź, Poland
Cent Eur J Immunol 2022; 47 (1): 84-91
Online publish date: 2022/03/17
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Flow cytometry (FCM) is a precise and well-established tool to assess the minimal residual disease (MRD) level in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). It is crucial to distinguish leukemic cells from their normal counterparts; thus new markers should be evaluated, to increase the accuracy of the analysis.

The expression of CD73 on blast cells was measured and compared at the day of diagnosis and at days 15 and 33 of treatment. To determine antigen expression levels, a normalized scale based on median fluorescence intensity (nMFI) was used. The study group consisted of 188 patients from the Polish Pediatric Leukemia and Lymphoma Study Group.

From 177 patients with positive MRD at day 15 of treatment, in 147 (83.1%) cases an increase of CD73 expression was observed (mean increase of +17 nMFI units). In addition, an increase of CD73 expression was noted in 26 of 31 (83.9%) patients at day 33 of treatment. In turn, a decrease of CD73 expression was observed only in 13/177 (7.3%) and 1/31 (3.2%) cases at days 15 and 33 of treatment, respectively. In 17 (9.6%) patients no change in expression of CD73 between diagnosis and day 15 of treatment was observed.

In the great majority of cases the expression of CD73 is not only stable but increases during the early stages of treatment, which makes it a very useful marker to be used for MRD monitoring in childhood B-cell precursor (BCP)-ALL patients.
keywords:

minimal residual disease, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, flow cytometry

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