Eye toxoplasmosis complicated by choroidal neovascularization effectively treated with the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor aflibercept

Aim of the study
The aim of the study was to present a case of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to post-inflammatory scar caused by ocular toxoplasma, effectively treated with one intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy (anti-VEGF), aflibercept.

Case report
A case of a 44 year-old woman with choroidal neovascularization secondary to a post-inflammatory scar caused by ocular toxoplasma is described. The diagnosis was made on the basis of medical history, fundus examination (VOLK Digital Wide Field), fluorescein angiography (CARL ZEISS Visucam Lite Fundus Camera), and optical coherence tomography (NIDEK RS-3000 OCT and REVO NX OCT OPTOPOL). Treatment with intravitreal injection, anti-VEGF (aflibercept), was applied. After aflibercept treatment the following results were obtained: partial constriction of choroidal neovascularization, choroidal neovascularization borders became clearer, particularly from the top, nose, and temples. Visual acuity improved after one intravitreal injection of the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy aflibercept. Subjective eye symptoms improved. Optical coherent tomography of an eye the second day after intravitreous injection of aflibercept presented resorption of subretinal fluid with reduction of retinal thickness and characteristic increase in reflexibility of choroidal neovascularization.

Conclusions
The reported case confirms that secondary CNV to the post-inflammatory scar is a rare complication of toxoplasmosis retinitis and choroiditis and should be considered in the diagnosis. OCT and fluorescein angiography play an important role in the diagnosis of choroidal neovascularization secondary to a post-inflammatory scar caused by ocular toxoplasmosis. Intravitreal anti-VEGF injection therapy is an available, effective, and safe method of choroidal neovascularization secondary to the post-inflammatory scar caused by ocular toxoplasma. Treatment with intravitreal anti-VEGF injection improves retinal anatomy and visual function.