Galectin-9 expression on tumor-associated immune cells is associated with favorable clinicopathological features and better outcomes in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Rafał Pęksa; Michał Kunc; Michał Piątek; Barbara Radecka; Barbara Jereczek-Fossa; Anna Starzyńska

doi:10.5114/wo.2023.127142

eISSN: 1897-4309
ISSN: 1428-2526

Contemporary Oncology/Współczesna Onkologia

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1/2023
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abstract:

Original paper

Galectin-9 expression on tumor-associated immune cells is associated with favorable clinicopathological features and better outcomes in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Rafał Pęksa

¹

,

Michał Kunc

¹

,

Michał Piątek

²

,

Barbara S Radecka

²

,

Barbara Alicja Jereczek-Fossa

³

,

Anna Starzyńska

⁴

Department of Pathomorphology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
Department of Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Opole, Opole, Poland
Division of Radiotherapy, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland

Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2023; 27 (1): 22–27

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/wo.2023.127142

Online publish date: 2023/04/27

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AMA

Pęksa R, Kunc M, Piątek M, Radecka BS, Jereczek-Fossa BA, Starzyńska A. Galectin-9 expression on tumor-associated immune cells is associated with favorable clinicopathological features and better outcomes in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Contemporary Oncology/Współczesna Onkologia. 2023;27(1):22-27. doi:10.5114/wo.2023.127142.

APA

Pęksa, R., Kunc, M., Piątek, M., Radecka, B. S., Jereczek-Fossa, B. A.,  & Starzyńska, A. (2023). Galectin-9 expression on tumor-associated immune cells is associated with favorable clinicopathological features and better outcomes in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Contemporary Oncology/Współczesna Onkologia, 27(1), 22-27. https://doi.org/10.5114/wo.2023.127142

Chicago

Pęksa, Rafał, Michał Kunc, Michał Piątek, Barbara S Radecka, Barbara A Jereczek-Fossa,  and Anna Starzyńska. 2023. "Galectin-9 expression on tumor-associated immune cells is associated with favorable clinicopathological features and better outcomes in oral squamous cell carcinoma". Contemporary Oncology/Współczesna Onkologia 27 (1): 22-27. doi:10.5114/wo.2023.127142.

Harvard

Pęksa, R., Kunc, M., Piątek, M., Radecka, B., Jereczek-Fossa, B.,  and Starzyńska, A. (2023). Galectin-9 expression on tumor-associated immune cells is associated with favorable clinicopathological features and better outcomes in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Contemporary Oncology/Współczesna Onkologia, 27(1), pp.22-27. https://doi.org/10.5114/wo.2023.127142

MLA

Pęksa, Rafał et al. "Galectin-9 expression on tumor-associated immune cells is associated with favorable clinicopathological features and better outcomes in oral squamous cell carcinoma." Contemporary Oncology/Współczesna Onkologia, vol. 27, no. 1, 2023, pp. 22-27. doi:10.5114/wo.2023.127142.

Vancouver

Pęksa R, Kunc M, Piątek M, Radecka B, Jereczek-Fossa B, Starzyńska A. Galectin-9 expression on tumor-associated immune cells is associated with favorable clinicopathological features and better outcomes in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Contemporary Oncology/Współczesna Onkologia. 2023;27(1):22-27. doi:10.5114/wo.2023.127142.

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Introduction
Galectin-9, a β-galactoside-binding protein, might be a potential target in cancer personalized therapy, but contradicting data exist regarding its prognostic significance in malignancy. Previous studies showed low or absent expression of galectin-9 on tumour cells of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC); thus, we aimed to assess the prognostic impact of its expression on tumour-associated immune cells (TAICs).

Material and methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 62 patients with OSCC. Tissue microarrays were constructed with chemo- and radiotherapy-naïve tissue samples and stained with anti-galectin-9 antibody. Cytoplasmic reactions in TAICs were counted as positive, and the percentage of galectin-9-positive cells was calculated.

Results
The expression of galectin-9 was not associated with any demographic factors, other than diabetes mellitus type 2, for which there were lower levels of expression (p = 0.029). Higher levels of galectin-9 were associated with less locally advanced tumours (p = 0.023) and lack of nodal metastases (p = 0.014). Galectin-9 expression positively correlated with PD-L1 expression on TAICs (p = 0.009). Patients with > 50% galectin-9-positive cells were determined to have a superior 5-year overall survival (p = 0.029).

Conclusions
Future studies are necessary to investigate the effects of galectin-9 on the tumour micro-environment, and galectin-9-targeted treatment may be considered, especially with its correlation to PD-L1 in OSCC.

keywords:

Galectin-9 expression on tumor-associated immune cells is associated with favorable clinicopathological features and better outcomes in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Rafał Pęksa 1 , Michał Kunc 1 , Michał Piątek 2 , Barbara S Radecka 2 , Barbara Alicja Jereczek-Fossa 3 , Anna Starzyńska 4

galectin-9, tumor microenvironment, immunohistochemistry, oral squamous cell carcinoma, prognosis

Rafał Pęksa

¹

,

Michał Kunc

¹

,

Michał Piątek

²

,

Barbara S Radecka

²

,

Barbara Alicja Jereczek-Fossa

³

,

Anna Starzyńska

⁴