eISSN: 1644-4124
ISSN: 1426-3912
Central European Journal of Immunology
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4/2020
vol. 45
 
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abstract:
Review paper

Gastrointestinal cancers: the role of microbiota in carcinogenesis and the role of probiotics and microbiota in anti-cancer therapy efficacy

Karolina Kaźmierczak-Siedlecka
1
,
Jakub Ruszkowski
2, 3
,
Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka
4
,
Jakub Jędrzejczak
5
,
Marcin Folwarski
6
,
Wojciech Makarewicz
1

  1. Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
  2. Department of Physiopathology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
  3. Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
  4. Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
  5. Student Research Group at the Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
  6. Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
Centr Eur J Immunol 2020; 45 (4): 476-487
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/ceji.2020.103353
Online publish date: 2021/02/06
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The gut epithelium is a habitat of a variety of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, viruses and Archaea. With the advent of sophisticated molecular techniques and bioinformatics tools, more information on the composition and thus function of gut microbiota was revealed. The gut microbiota as an integral part of the intestinal barrier has been shown to be involved in shaping the mucosal innate and adaptive immune response and to provide protection against pathogens. Consequently, a set of biochemical signals exchanged within microbes and communication between the microbiota and the host have opened a new way of thinking about cancer biology. Probiotics are living organisms which administered in adequate amounts may bring health benefits and have the potential to be an integral part of the prevention/treatment strategies in clinical approaches. Here we provide a comprehensive review of data linking gut microbiota to cancer pathogenesis and its clinical course. We focus on gastrointestinal cancers, such as gastric, colorectal, pancreatic and liver cancer.
keywords:

gastrointestinal microbiome, carcinogenesis, probiotics, dysbiosis
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