House dust mite sensitivity in atopic children with Dectin-1 rs7309123 polymorphism

Introduction
Introduction: Sensitization to house dust mites is common in patients with atopic dermatitis. Dectin-1 polymorphism can affect the recognition of house dust mite allergens in the skin. Aim: To investigate the prevalence of sensitization to house dust mites in children with atopic dermatitis and the role of Dectin-1 rs7309123 polymorphism in the development of sensitivity to house dust mites.

Material and methods
The study included 101 patients with atopic dermatitis. Genotyping of the Dectin-1 rs7309123 was performed in the patient group using real-time PCR. Measurements of sIgE to dust mites were performed by Western blotting.

Results
Sensitization to house dust mites was found in 48.5% of the children. The presence of sIgE to HDM in patients with AD was significantly associated with concomitant allergic rhinitis (OR = 2.593 (1.096–6.133)) and in the group of children with both concomitant allergic diseases (OR = 7.432 (1.553–35.564)). There was statistically significant difference in the distribution of genotypes in patients with elevated serum IgE to HDM and among the children with normal levels (OR = 3.111 (0.924–10.480) for CC and GG; OR = 4.267 (1.432–12.716) for CG and GG).

Conclusions
The susceptibility to dust mites among children with atopic dermatitis is 48.5%. Dectin-1 is involved in the development of HDM-induced allergic inflammation in skin because polymorphism rs7309123 of the Dectin-1 gene may affect percutaneous sensitization to HDM in patients with AD, and the inhibition of signalling pathways of Dectin-1 may be an efficient therapeutic strategy.