Immunophenotype of circulatory T-helper cells in patients with non-segmental vitiligo

Rajendiran Kalaiselvi; Medha Rajappa; Laxmisha Chandrasekhar; Devinder Thappa; Priyadarssini Munisamy

doi:10.5114/ada.2019.87448

eISSN: 2299-0046
ISSN: 1642-395X

Advances in Dermatology and Allergology/Postępy Dermatologii i Alergologii

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abstract:

Original paper

Immunophenotype of circulatory T-helper cells in patients with non-segmental vitiligo

Rajendiran Kalaiselvi

¹

,

Medha Rajappa

¹

,

Laxmisha Chandrasekhar

¹

,

Devinder M. Thappa

¹

,

Priyadarssini Munisamy

¹

Department of Biochemistry, Jawarharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India

Adv Dermatol Allergol 2019; XXXVI (4): 449-454

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/ada.2019.87448

Online publish date: 2019/08/30

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Introduction
Non-segmental vitiligo (NSV) is an immune-mediated skin depigmentation disease. Cytokine-mediated interaction between T lymphocytes and melanocytes leads to death of melanocytes, causing a defect in melanin synthesis and thereby depigmentation. There is an increased population of T-helper cells in the skin lesions as well as in the peripheral circulation in NSV. However, the relative percentage of each T-cell phenotype in the disease pathogenesis is rarely studied.

Aim
To study the immunophenotype of the different T-helper/Treg cell subsets in patients with NSV, in comparison to healthy controls.

Material and methods
A total of 80 patients with NSV and eighty age- and gender-matched healthy controls were recruited in this cross-sectional study. Disease activity was determined by vitiligo index of disease activity (VIDA) scoring. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were separated by Ficoll-Paque density centrifugation, and T-cell immunophenotyping was done by flow cytometric analysis.

Results
In patients with NSV, we observed an imbalance in T-cell immunophenotype, characterized by an increase in Th1 (p < 0.0001) and Th17 cells (p = 0.01). There is no difference in relative percentage of Th2/Treg cells, as compared to the healthy controls (p > 0.05).

Conclusions
There is a significant immune-dysregulation with a preponderance of circulatory Th1/Th17 phenotype in NSV patients.

keywords:

Immunophenotype of circulatory T-helper cells in patients with non-segmental vitiligo

Rajendiran Kalaiselvi 1 , Medha Rajappa 1 , Laxmisha Chandrasekhar 1 , Devinder M. Thappa 1 , Priyadarssini Munisamy 1

immunophenotype, T-helper cells, Treg cells, non-segmental vitiligo

Rajendiran Kalaiselvi

¹

,

Medha Rajappa

¹

,

Laxmisha Chandrasekhar

¹

,

Devinder M. Thappa

¹

,

Priyadarssini Munisamy

¹