Inhaled corticosteroids do not reduce initial high activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in exhaled breath condensates of children with asthma exacerbation: a proof of concept study

Grzela K, Zagórska W, Krejner A, et al. Inhaled corticosteroids do not reduce initial high activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in exhaled breath condensates of children with asthma exacerbation: a proof of concept study. Central European Journal of Immunology. 2016;41(2):221-227. doi:10.5114/ceji.2016.60998.

APA

Grzela, K., Zagórska, W., Krejner, A., Banaszkiewicz, A., Litwiniuk, M.,  & Kulus, M. et al. (2016). Inhaled corticosteroids do not reduce initial high activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in exhaled breath condensates of children with asthma exacerbation: a proof of concept study. Central European Journal of Immunology, 41(2), 221-227. https://doi.org/10.5114/ceji.2016.60998

Chicago

Grzela, Katarzyna, Wioletta Zagórska, Alicja Krejner, Aleksandra Banaszkiewicz, Malgorzata Litwiniuk, Marek Kulus,  and Tomasz Grzela. 2016. "Inhaled corticosteroids do not reduce initial high activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in exhaled breath condensates of children with asthma exacerbation: a proof of concept study". Central European Journal of Immunology 41 (2): 221-227. doi:10.5114/ceji.2016.60998.

Harvard

Grzela, K., Zagórska, W., Krejner, A., Banaszkiewicz, A., Litwiniuk, M., Kulus, M.,  and Grzela, T. (2016). Inhaled corticosteroids do not reduce initial high activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in exhaled breath condensates of children with asthma exacerbation: a proof of concept study. Central European Journal of Immunology, 41(2), pp.221-227. https://doi.org/10.5114/ceji.2016.60998

MLA

Grzela, Katarzyna et al. "Inhaled corticosteroids do not reduce initial high activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in exhaled breath condensates of children with asthma exacerbation: a proof of concept study." Central European Journal of Immunology, vol. 41, no. 2, 2016, pp. 221-227. doi:10.5114/ceji.2016.60998.

Vancouver

Grzela K, Zagórska W, Krejner A, Banaszkiewicz A, Litwiniuk M, Kulus M et al. Inhaled corticosteroids do not reduce initial high activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in exhaled breath condensates of children with asthma exacerbation: a proof of concept study. Central European Journal of Immunology. 2016;41(2):221-227. doi:10.5114/ceji.2016.60998.

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Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are the key component of asthma treatment. However, it is unclear whether they could control the activity and level of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, which is an important factor in asthma-associated inflammation and airway remodeling. Therefore, the aim of this proof of concept study was to analyze the influence of increased doses of ICS on MMP-9 in exhaled breath condensates (EBC) of patients with allergic asthma exacerbation. Apart from MMP-9, the assessment concerned selected inflammation markers – exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) and cytokines (IL-8 and TNF).

The study involved a small group (n = 4) of individuals with asthma exacerbation. The intervention concerned increased doses of ICS with -mimetics for 4 weeks. In addition to clinical evaluation, eNO measurements and EBC collections were done before and after 4 weeks of intense ICS treatment. The biochemical assessment of EBC concerned MMP-9, IL-8 and TNF. The data were compared to results of healthy controls (n = 6).

The initial levels of eNO, MMP-9 and TNF in EBC were higher in the asthma group than in controls. In all subjects IL-8 levels were below the detection limit. After 4 weeks of ICS treatment in all patients we observed improvement of clinical and laboratory parameters. Interestingly, despite reduction of eNO and TNF, the activity of MMP-9/EBC remained on the initial level.

Practical relevance of our results is limited by a small group. Nevertheless, our data suggest that ICS, although sufficient to control symptoms and inflammatory markers, may be ineffective to reduce MMP-9/EBC activity in asthma exacerbation and, possibly, airway remodeling.

keywords:

Inhaled corticosteroids do not reduce initial high activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in exhaled breath condensates of children with asthma exacerbation: a proof of concept study

Katarzyna Grzela , Wioletta Zagórska , Alicja Krejner , Aleksandra Banaszkiewicz , Malgorzata Litwiniuk , Marek Kulus , Tomasz Grzela

asthma exacerbation, exhaled breath condensate, inhaled corticosteroids, MMP-9

Katarzyna Grzela

,

Wioletta Zagórska

,

Alicja Krejner

,

Aleksandra Banaszkiewicz

,

Malgorzata Litwiniuk

,

Marek Kulus

,

Tomasz Grzela