eISSN: 1644-4124
ISSN: 1426-3912
Central European Journal of Immunology
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1/2023
vol. 48
 
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abstract:
Review paper

Interleukin 35: protective role and mechanism in type 1 diabetes

Si-Ming Zhang
1
,
Jun Liang
2
,
Ji-Ping Xia
1
,
Li Li
3
,
Li Zheng
3
,
Ya-Lan Wang
3
,
Yan-Hong Li
3
,
Yan Li
3
,
Yu Lu
3

  1. Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
  2. Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital, Wuhan Institute for Tuberculosis Control, Wuhan, China
  3. Wuchang Hospital affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
Cent Eur J Immunol 2023; 48 (1): 48-53
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/ceji.2023.125043
Online publish date: 2023/02/14
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Interleukin 35 (IL-35), a cytokine secreted by regulatory T (Treg) cells from the differentiation of conventional CD4+ T cells, is a member of the IL-12 family. The IL-12 family of cytokines exhibits an anti-inflammatory property. IL-35 has recently been shown to influence the immune modulation in various diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, Graves’ disease, rheumatoid arthritis, colitis, psoriasis, and type 1 diabetes (T1D). T1D is an immune-related disease caused by destruction of pancreatic  cells, characterized by an absolute lack of insulin. Recently, studies have suggested that protective effects of IL-35 work by improving blood glucose levels and preventing an attack of inflammatory factors on the islets. The protective mechanism may be closely related to the anti-inflammatory properties of IL-35, which include regulating macrophage phenotype, suppressing T cell proliferation, decreasing the differentiation of Th17 cells, increasing the Treg cell population, and inducing IL-35-producing regulatory T cells (iTr35). Here, we review the protective effects and mechanisms of action of IL-35 in T1D.
keywords:

cytokines, interleukin-35, anti-inflammatory, type 1 diabetes, regulatory T cells, IL-35-inducible Treg, macrophage
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