Introduction to pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy

Magdalena Kupis; Katarzyna Samelska; Anna Zaleska-Żmijewska; Jacek Szaflik

doi:10.5114/ko.2021.106907

POLSKI

eISSN: 2719-3209
ISSN: 0023-2157

Klinika Oczna / Acta Ophthalmologica Polonica

Current issue Archive Videos Articles in press About the journal Supplements Editorial board Reviewers Abstracting and indexing Subscription Contact Instructions for authors Publication charge Ethical standards and procedures

Editorial System

Submit your Manuscript

Editorial Policies

Sarajevo Declaration on Integrity and Visibility of Scholarly Publications

2/2021
vol. 123

Send email

Copy url:

abstract:

Review paper

Introduction to pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy

Magdalena Kupis

^{1, 2}

,

Katarzyna Samelska

^{1, 2}

,

Anna Zaleska-Żmijewska

^{1, 2}

,

Jacek Szaflik

^{1, 2}

Samodzielny Publiczny Kliniczny Szpital Okulistyczny w Warszawie
Katedra i Klinika Okulistyki II Wydziału Lekarskiego Warszawskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego

KLINIKA OCZNA 2021, 123, 2:69–73

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/ko.2021.106907

Online publish date: 2021/07/14

View full text Get citation

PlumX metrics:

In recent years a systematic growing incidence of diabetes mellitus is being observed. Diabetic retinopathy – a microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus – is one of the leading causes of blindness among professionally active people. Pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy remains unclear. Decreased retinal perfusion is one of the first observed changes in diabetic retinopathy. Hypoxia and hyperglycemia contribute to diabetic retinopathy development in multiple biochemical mechanism such as: increased sorbitol pathway, increased nonenzymatic protein glycation, increased activation of diacylglycerol and protein kinase C pathway, increased expression of growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), haemodynamic changes, accelerated oxidative stress, activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, subclinical inflammation with leukostasis. There is strong evidence that retinal neurodegeneration contributes to pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy. A thorough analysis of these underlying pathogenic mechanisms may be useful for new effective pharmacological therapy discoveries.

keywords:

Introduction to pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy

Magdalena Kupis 1, 2 , Katarzyna Samelska 1, 2 , Anna Zaleska-Żmijewska 1, 2 , Jacek Szaflik 1, 2

vascular endothelial growth factor, diabetic retinopathy, neurodegeneration, protein kinase C, leukostasis

Magdalena Kupis

^{1, 2}

,

Katarzyna Samelska

^{1, 2}

,

Anna Zaleska-Żmijewska

^{1, 2}

,

Jacek Szaflik

^{1, 2}