Investigation of the expression level of methylated septin 9 gene and serological carcinoembryonic antigen to diagnose colorectal cancer. A meta-analysis study

Introduction
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a rising threat, necessitating accurate early diagnosis.

Aim
This meta-analysis scrutinised methylated septin 9 (SEPT9) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in CRC.

Methods
From January 2012 to December 2022, databases including PubMed and Google Scholar were explored for English publications.

Results
The meta-analysis revealed SEPT9’s superior diagnostic potential, boasting 71% sensitivity and 91% specificity, outshining CEA (49% and 53%). Notably, an 8-study analysis found a positive correlation between tumour grade and elevated CEA and SEPT9 levels, particularly in stages 3 and 4.

Conclusions
This meta-analysis supports SEPT9 as a potent CRC marker, urging its integration into diagnostic frameworks for enhanced precision and early intervention. The observed link between tumour grade and biomarker levels enhances clinical relevance. Implementing these findings promises improved CRC diagnosis precision, contributing to enhanced treatment outcomes and patient survival. Advocating for SEPT9’s inclusion alongside traditional markers like CEA, this study pioneers more effective colorectal cancer management strategies.