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Pediatric Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism
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4/2024
vol. 30
 
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Case report

Medullary thyroid carcinoma in a 6-year-old boy with previous Langerhans cell histiocytosis presenting high level of pro-calcitonin

Gerdi Tuli
1
,
Jessica Munarin
1
,
Francesco Quaglino
2
,
Giulia Carbonaro
2
,
Veronica Barat
3
,
Luisa de Sanctis
1
,
Franca Fagioli
3

  1. Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, Turin, Italy
  2. Department of Surgery, A.S.L City of Turin, Maria Vittoria Hospital, Italy
  3. Department of Paediatric Oncology, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, Turin, Italy
Pediatr Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2024; 30 (4): 244-247
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/pedm.2024.146687
Online publish date: 2025/01/27
Article file
- 0318_Medullary thyroid.pdf  [0.68 MB]
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1. Lebbink CA, Links TP, Czarniecka A, et al. 2022 European Thyroid Association Guidelines for the management of pediatric thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Eur Thyroid J 2022; 11: e220146. doi:10.1530/ETJ-22-0146.
2. Wells SA Jr, Asa SL, Dralle H, et al.; American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma. Revised American Thyroid Association guidelines for the management of medullary thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid 2015; 25: 567–610. doi: 10.1089/thy.2014.0335.
3. Graves CE, Gosnell JE. Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma in Children. Semin Pediatr Surg 2020; 29: 150921. doi: 10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2020.150921.
4. Eckelt F, Pfaeffle R, Kiess W, Kratzsch J. Calcitonin and complementary biomarkers in the diagnosis of hereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma in children and adolescents. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2021; 34: 1491–1504. doi: 10.1515/jpem-2021-0163.
5. Giraudet AL, Vanel D, Leboulleux S, et al. Imaging medullary thyroid carcinoma with persistent elevated calcitonin levels. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007; 92: 4185–4190. doi: 10.1210/jc.2007-1211.
6. Kiriakopoulos A, Dimopoulou A, Nastos C, et al. Medullary thyroid carcinoma in children: current state of the art and future perspectives. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2021; 35: 1–10. doi: 10.1515/jpem-2021-0502.
7. Quaglino F, Bellocchia AB, Tuli G, et al. Pediatric thyroid surgery: Retrospective analysis on the first 25 pediatric thyroidectomies performed in a reference center for adult thyroid diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14: 1126436. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1126436.
8. Ordóñez J, Pérez-Egido L, García-Casillas MA, et al. Management and results of thyroidectomies in pediatric patients with MEN 2 syndrome. J Pediatr Surg 2021; 56: 2058–2061. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2021.02.061. 
9. Raval MV, Sturgeon C, Bentrem DJ, et al. Influence of lymph node metastases on survival in pediatric medullary thyroid cancer. J Pediatr Surg 2010; 45: 1947–1954. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2010.06.013.
10. Oliver JR, Patel KN, Chang CM, et al. Lymph node metastases in pediatric medullary thyroid carcinoma. Surgery 2021; 170: 736–742. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2021.03.001.
11. Kraft IL, Akshintala S, Zhu Y, et al. Outcomes of Children and Adolescents with Advanced Hereditary Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Treated with Vandetanib. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24: 753–765. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-17-2101.
12. Hensley SG, Hu MI, Bassett RL, et al. Pediatric Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: Clinical Presentations and Long-term Outcomes in 144 Patients Over Six Decades. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 4: dgae133. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgae133.
13. Algeciras-Schimnich A, Preissner CM, Theobald JP, et al. Procalcitonin: a marker for the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94: 861–868. doi: 10.1210/jc.2008-1862. 
14. Egeler RM, Neglia JP, Puccetti DM, et al. Association of Langerhans cell histiocytosis with malignant neoplasms. Cancer 1993; 71: 865–873. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19930201)71:3<865::aid-cncr2820710334>3.0.co;2-0.
15. Barrows FP, Shockley WW, Wright JD, et al. Metastatic medullary thyroid cancer in a pediatric patient with MEN 2B: emphasis on the need for early recognition of extrathyroidal clinical findings associated with MEN 2B. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2006; 45: 463–467. doi: 10.1177/0009922806289625.

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