Mucosal melanoma – diagnostic challenge

Paulina Karp; Natalia Lewkowicz; Agnieszka Żebrowska

doi:10.5114/dr.2024.140800

eISSN: 2084-9893
ISSN: 0033-2526

Dermatology Review/Przegląd Dermatologiczny

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1/2024
vol. 111

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abstract:

Review article

Mucosal melanoma – diagnostic challenge

Paulina Karp

¹

,

Natalia Lewkowicz

²

,

Agnieszka Żebrowska

¹

Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
Department of Oral Mucosal and Periodontal Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland

Dermatol Rev/Przegl Dermatol 2024, 111, 31-38

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/dr.2024.140800

Online publish date: 2024/06/28

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Mucosal melanoma malignum (mMM) is a rare and aggressive malignancy that carries a poor prognosis. Most commonly, it develops on the mucous membranes in the head and neck region, and within the genitalia. Because of its anatomical location and absence of early symptoms, diagnosing mucosal melanoma malignum presents significant challenges. Consequently, the disease is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage. Dermoscopy is a helpful tool in the early diagnosis of mucosal melanoma malignum. Risk factors for mucosal melanoma malignum are poorly understood so far, but exposure to ultraviolet light is not known to increase the risk of developing the disease. The overall 5-year survival rate for mucosal melanoma ranges from 0% to 45%, with an average survival of 2 years. Early detection is crucial for favourable prognosis.

keywords:

Mucosal melanoma – diagnostic challenge

Paulina Karp 1 , Natalia Lewkowicz 2 , Agnieszka Żebrowska 1

melanoma malignum, mucosal melanoma, dermoscopy, oral cavity, genitals

Paulina Karp

¹

,

Natalia Lewkowicz

²

,

Agnieszka Żebrowska

¹