Neurodegenerative diseases and color vision impairment: a literature review

Eva Mrázková; Nikol Gottfriedová; Martina Kovalová; Ondřej Machaczka; Veronika Koutná; Vladimír Janout; Jana Janoutová

doi:10.5114/fmpcr.2024.142014

eISSN: 2449-8580
ISSN: 1734-3402

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

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3/2024
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abstract:

Review paper

Neurodegenerative diseases and color vision impairment: a literature review

Eva Mrázková

¹

,

Nikol Gottfriedová

²

,

Martina Kovalová

^{1, 2, 3}

,

Ondřej Machaczka

^{1, 3}

,

Veronika Koutná

⁴

,

Vladimír Janout

¹

,

Jana Janoutová

^{1, 4}

Center for Research and Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Czech Republic
Department of Healthcare Management and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review 2024; 26(3): 389–401

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/fmpcr.2024.142014

Online publish date: 2024/09/30

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Background
Early detection and diagnosis of dementia are of key importance in treatment, slowing disease progression or suppressing symptoms. Color vision impairment may be observed in some cases in patients with Alzheimer’s disease, and its potential role in early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases is questioned.

Objectives
The aim of this review is to provide up-to-date information on color vision impairment in various neurodegenerative diseases.

Material and methods
A literature search was conducted using the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science, and the term “dementia” was searched with keyword combinations related to color vision.

Results
A total of 785 records were identified through database searching, and 25 articles were ultimately included in the analysis. Multiple studies have shown that patients with neurodegenerative diseases and dementia have impaired color vision, and the possible role of color vision changes are considered as potential biomarkers for early detection in several cases. The results show that color vision impairment is being investigated not only in patients with Alzheimer’s disease but also in other neurodegenerative diseases.

Conclusions
In individuals with cognitive impairment or neurodegenerative diseases, color vision changes have repeatedly been reported. In some cases, the use of color vision changes for differential diagnosis between certain neurodegenerative diseases has proved useful. Several authors have agreed that color vision tests could be a possible simple method for early diagnosis of dementia.

keywords:

Neurodegenerative diseases and color vision impairment: a literature review

Eva Mrázková 1 , Nikol Gottfriedová 2 , Martina Kovalová 1, 2, 3 , Ondřej Machaczka 1, 3 , Veronika Koutná 4 , Vladimír Janout 1 , Jana Janoutová 1, 4

neurodegenerative diseases, color vision, Alzheimer’s disease, cognitive dysfunction, dementia

Eva Mrázková

¹

,

Nikol Gottfriedová

²

,

Martina Kovalová

^{1, 2, 3}

,

Ondřej Machaczka

^{1, 3}

,

Veronika Koutná

⁴

,

Vladimír Janout

¹

,

Jana Janoutová

^{1, 4}