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ISSN: 0031-3939
Pediatria Polska - Polish Journal of Paediatrics
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5/2019
vol. 94
 
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abstract:
Review paper

Paediatric immunoglobulin A deficiency revisited

Viktor Gałęcki
1
,
Michał Janas
1
,
Piotr Juzyk
1
,
Radosław Oronowicz
1
,
Martyna Soloch
1
,
Wojciech Starczewski
1
,
Agata Weigt
1
,
Aleksandra Szczawińska-Popłonyk
2

  1. 2nd year medical student's Research Group, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
  2. Department of Paediatric Pneumonology, Allergology, and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
Pediatr Pol 2019; 94 (5): 311–318
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/polp.2019.89497
Online publish date: 2019/10/31
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Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the most abundant antibody isotype on mucosal surfaces, with predominantly neutralising non-activating functions, and which plays multifaceted roles in the immune system. IgA protects the host from pathogen invasion in the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, enhances diversification of microbiota, and maintains the intestinal homeostasis, exerting its twofold proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory functions by different immune cells and receptors. Therefore, IgA deficiency in children encompasses a broad spectrum of clinical phenotypes including infectious, allergic, autoimmune, and inflammatory conditions. In this review we also provide new insight into the genetic background and immunopathology of IgA deficiency in children.
keywords:

IgA deficiency, children, T cells, B cells, immunity