Participation of atrioventricular valves chordae tendineae pathology in a patient’s clinical presentation

Introduction
The anatomically correct chordae tendineae originate from the apical part of the papillary muscles of the ventricles and attach to the corresponding free margins of the atrioventricular valves. Together with the papillary muscles, they contribute to the effective contraction of the ventricles, creating the so-called “annular-ventricular continuity”.

Aim of the research
This publication aimed to evaluate and analyse the impact of chordae tendineae pathology of the atrioventricular valves on the clinical presentation of a patient.

Material and methods
A systematic review of the literature was performed in the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases and according to the PRISMA guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses).

Results and conclusions
This review allowed us to distinguish 6 groups of characteristic pathological lesions of chordae tendineae such as thickening, elongation, shortening, fibrosis, complete absence, or histopathological changes of the chordae tendineae. Most of the cases resulted from congenital underlying diseases, and treatment mainly consisted of surgical correction.