Pathological analysis on transurethral enucleation resection of the prostate-related prostate surgical capsule

Introduction
Transurethral enucleation resection of the prostate (TUERP) is one of the most important minimally invasive methods for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). There have been many reports on the therapeutic effects of TUERP. However, reports on prostate surgical capsule recognition and pathological analysis are rare.

Aim
To compare the pathological features of the prostate surgical capsule between TUERP and suprapubic open prostatectomy (SOP).

Material and methods
Eighty samples were collected; samples 1–3 were prostate gland tissue, tissue adjacent to the prostate surgical capsule, and prostate surgical capsule tissue, respectively. HE staining was used to analyze the pathological components; the enucleation rate was compared between both groups.

Results
The pathological features of the prostate surgical capsule for both groups were roughly the same: sample 1 was mostly gland, with lesser amounts of smooth muscle and fibrous tissue components; sample 2 was mostly fibrous tissue and a smooth muscle component and a small amount of glandular components, and, closer to the surgical capsule, more fibrous tissue, less glandular component; sample 3 was mainly fibrous tissue, and almost no glandular component; there were the same differences among samples 1–3 in both groups (p < 0.05). The enucleation rate for TUERP and SOP was roughly the same, about 58.2%, and there was no significant difference (p > 0.05).

Conclusions
The prostate surgical capsule in TUERP was similar to SOP, which consisted mainly of smooth muscle and fibrous tissue. Moreover, SOP combined with transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) can treat BPH for a large volume of prostate (> 100 ml), but its effectiveness and safety need further large-scale clinical trials for confirmation.