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Medical Studies/Studia Medyczne
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4/2024
vol. 40
 
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abstract:
Original paper

Prevalence of pregnancy complications in the Świętokrzyskie province: a follow-up of a cohort of patients participating in first-trimester prenatal screening tests

Grzegorz Świercz
1, 2
,
Anna Zmelonek-Znamirowska
1, 2
,
Justyna Armańska
2
,
Marta Stanisławska
2
,
Marta Mlodawska
1
,
Jakub Młodawski
1, 2

  1. Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
  2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Voivodeship Hospital Complex, Kielce, Poland
Medical Studies/Studia Medyczne 2024; 40 (4): 341–346
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/ms.2024.145617
Online publish date: 2024/12/16
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Introduction
This study addresses the scarcity of detailed epidemiological data in Poland and presents an rate of pregnancy complications in the Świętokrzyskie province. A follow-up on patients who underwent first-trimester prenatal screening at the Prenatal Testing Clinic of the Voivodeship Hospital Complex in Kielce was conducted, providing valuable regional data.

Aim of the research
The aim of the study was to record the prevalence of selected pregnancy complications in the Świętokrzyskie province, utilizing a retrospective study of medical records.

Material and methods
The study encompassed 1212 patients who underwent first-trimester prenatal screening tests in 2018–2019. These patients subsequently gave birth at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Voivodeship Hospital Complex in Kielce. The study involved compiling data on various pregnancy complications such as fetal growth restriction, gestational diabetes, arterial hypertension, and more.

Results
Among pregnancy complications, fetal growth restriction (FGR) occurred in 2.20% of cases, with 34.60% diagnosed before 32 weeks and 65.40% after. Gestational diabetes was noted in 14.80% of pregnancies, with 51.40% managed with diet and 46.90% with insulin. Arterial hypertension affected 7.60%, including pregnancy-induced hypertension (61.80%) and chronic hypertension (14.50%). Preeclampsia was observed in 1.40% of cases. Preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) occurred in 3.60%, while cervical insufficiency requiring cerclage was seen in 1.65%. Placenta-related complications included placenta previa (0.41%) and placenta accreta spectrum (0.21%).

Conclusions
The study provided essential insights into the prevalence of pregnancy complications in the Świętokrzyskie province, revealing that rates are generally in line with global trends. It underscores the need for continued research and monitoring of these trends to optimize health outcomes.

keywords:

epidemiology, prevalence, pregnancy complication
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