eISSN: 2450-5722
ISSN: 2450-5927
Journal of Health Inequalities
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1/2024
vol. 10
 
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Special paper

Recommendations on dietary treatment of obesity in adults: 2024 position of the Polish Society of Dietetics

Danuta Gajewska
1, 2
,
Ewa Lange
1, 2
,
Paulina Kęszycka
1, 2
,
Agnieszka Białek-Dratwa
2, 3
,
Sylwia Gudej
2, 4
,
Katarzyna Świąder
1, 2
,
Wojciech Giermaziak
5
,
Grzegorz Kostelecki
2
,
Maria Kret
2
,
Wojciech Marlicz
6
,
Lucyna Pachocka
2, 7
,
Ewelina Pałkowska-Goździk
1, 2
,
Paweł Paśko
8
,
Ludmiła Podgórska-Stawiecka
2, 9
,
Barbara Sawaniewska
1, 2
,
Joanna Myszkowska-Ryciak
1, 2

  1. Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Poland
  2. Polish Society of Dietetics, Poland
  3. Department of Human Nutrition, Silesian Medical University, Katowice, Poland
  4. Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
  5. Central Medical Library, Warsaw, Poland
  6. Gastroenterology Clinic, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
  7. Medical Centre, National Institute of Public Health – National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland
  8. Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
  9. Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, National Cardiology Institute Stefan Cardinal Wyszyński – National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
J Health Inequal 2024; 10 (1): 22–47
Online publish date: 2024/07/16
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FOREWORD

In 2015 the Polish Society of Dietetics initiated the publication of standards for dietary treatment in diverse diseases. The first developed publication was “Standards for the treatment of simple obesity in adults”.
Over the past few decades, the incidence of obesity increased in all regions of the world. Reduced physi­cal activity, as well as increased consumption of ultra-processed, high-energy products, rich in animal fats and simple sugars are leading causes of excessive body weight. Other factors related to obesity are the increasing pace of life and the growing stress load, which lead to a number of eating disorders. In 2022, the WHO Regional Office published the newest report on obesity in Europe. It was concluded that the rates of overweight and obesity are reaching epidemic levels and are continuing to rise. None of the 53 member states is currently on track to meet the common goal of stopping the trend of rising obesity by 2025. The fact that 59% of adults and nearly 30% of children in Europe are overweight is alarming.
The growing number of people with obesity is a significant burden on health care systems and budgets in European countries. Overweight and obesity are among the leading causes of death and disability in Europe, with recent estimates suggesting that they account for more than 1.2 million deaths annually, equivalent to more than 13% of the total mortality in Europe.
Each person with obesity should undergo diagnostics to identify the cause of the problem and any diseases accompanying their obesity, and to plan comprehensive therapy. Treatment of obesity requires a team of specialists in various fields, including dietitians.
The experts of the Polish Society of Dietetics hereby present recommendations being practical leads on dietary treatment of simple obesity in adults.
Advisory Panel on dietary treatment recommendations for obesity in adults Polish Society of Dietetics

1. The problem of overweight and obesity in Poland and throughout the world

1.1. EPIDEMIOLOGY OF OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY
According to the WHO European Regional Obesity Report 2022, almost 60% of European adults were overweight. The prevalence of overweight and obesity has reached an epidemic scale across the continent and conti­nues to grow. In particular, the statistics for the young po­pulation are alarming. It is estimated that almost 8% of children under the age of 5 years and a...


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