eISSN: 1897-4317
ISSN: 1895-5770
Gastroenterology Review/Przegląd Gastroenterologiczny
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without publication fees
2/2024
vol. 19
 
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abstract:
Original paper

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients – does treatment for IBD negatively affect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies? A single-centre, prospective study

Katarzyna Karłowicz
1
,
Konrad Lewandowski
1
,
Edyta Tulewicz-Marti
1
,
Katarzyna Maciejewska
1
,
Adam Tworek
1
,
Beata Stępień-Wrochna
1
,
Martyna Głuszek-Osuch
1, 2
,
Michał Łodyga
1, 2
,
Grażyna Rydzewska
1, 3

  1. Clinical Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit, National Medical Institute of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland
  2. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
  3. Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
Gastroenterology Rev 2024; 19 (2): 198–205
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/pg.2023.130126
Online publish date: 2023/07/27
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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients use a wide variety of immunosuppressive drugs, including biologics, but their effect on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine antibody levels remains a mystery.

Aim
We analysed whether the drugs used in the treatment of IBD patients could affect the concentration of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.

Material and methods
This is a prospective, single-centre evaluation of the persistence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies after vaccination at various time points: every 2 months throughout the 6th month after the first dose.

Results
We included a total of 346 vaccinated IBD patients in the study. A negative correlation between antibody level and time from full vaccination was confirmed for the following types of therapy: infliximab (rho = –0.32, p < 0.001), adalimumab (rho = –0.35, p = 0.025), and vedolizumab (rho = –0.50, p < 0.001). In the case of other, long-term drug administration, a negative correlation between antibody level and time from full vaccination was confirmed for mesalazine (rho = –0.35, p < 0.001), budesonide (rho = –0.58, p = 0.004), systemic glucocorticoids (rho = –0.58, p < 0.001), and azathioprine (rho = –0.44, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Due to the immunosuppressive and biological treatment, IBD patients are exposed to a shorter persistence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and require booster doses. The role of gastroenterologists in educating patients about the need to continue SARS-CoV-2 vaccination remains crucial.

keywords:

coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), SARS-CoV-2 antibody, COVID-19 vaccine efficacy, inflammatory bowel disease, biological treatment
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