eISSN: 2300-6722
ISSN: 1899-1874
Medical Studies/Studia Medyczne
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3/2024
vol. 40
 
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abstract:
Original paper

Selected correlates conditioning the occurrence of pressure ulcers and their actual occurrence among residents of long-term residential care. Test report

Anna M. Wójcik
1
,
Weronika Szarek
2
,
Elżbieta Przyboś
3
,
Dariusz Bazaliński
1, 4
,
Anna Nowak
5

  1. Podkarpackie Specialist Oncology Centre, Specialist Hospital in Brzozów, Brzozów, Poland
  2. LUX MED Oncology, Szamocka Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
  3. AVEE-MED, Care Facility, Niechobrz, Poland
  4. Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Poland
  5. School of Foreign Languages, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland
Medical Studies/Studia Medyczne 2024; 40 (3): 263–272
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/ms.2024.141738
Online publish date: 2024/08/13
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Aim of the research:
To assess the relationship between selected determinants of the incidence of bedsores and their actual occurrence among inpatients in long-term care.

Material and methods:
This prospective observational study involved 47 patients of an inpatient long-term care centre. An estimation method was used. A primary assessment (study 0) and a secondary assessment (study1) were conducted over 4 weeks. Study data were collected by means of a scientific questionnaire, which used clinical tools in addition to sociodemographic data and vital signs assessment: the Barthel scale, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Nutritional Risk Index (NRI), body mass index (BMI), and the Braden pressure ulcer risk scale.

Results:
There was a correlation in terms of comorbidities and the incidence of pressure sores. A correlation was confirmed between the incidence of pressure sores, renal failure (p = 0.026), and cardiovascular failure (p = 0.030). An association was observed between albumin levels in the group of residents with and without bedsores (p < 0.001). The albumin level in the second measurement was higher in the group of patients without pressure sores (p < 0.001). There was also a correlation found in the assessment of the degree of self-care and the occurrence of pressure sores (p < 0.004).

Conclusions:
Hypoalbuminaemia and immobilisation in the course of chronic diseases increase the risk of pressure ulcers in the long-term care group. The implementation of multidirectional and interdisciplinary prevention is a fundamental pillar of professional care for the chronically ill.

keywords:

nutritional status, long-term care, decubitus ulcer
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