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ISSN: 0031-3939
Pediatria Polska - Polish Journal of Paediatrics
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1/2023
vol. 98
 
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abstract:
Original paper

Significance of anti-endothelial cell antibodies in paediatric kidney transplant recipients

Mervat Ismail
1
,
Fatina I. Fadel
2
,
Alaa Rashad
1
,
Doaa M. Salah
2
,
Maha Rasheed
3
,
Nagwa Kantoush
3
,
Mona H. Ibrahim
3
,
Mona R. Kafoury
3
,
Manal F. Elshamaa
1

  1. Department of Paediatrics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
  2. Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
  3. Departments of Clinical Pathology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
Pediatr Pol 2023; 98 (1): 1-7
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/polp.2023.125388
Online publish date: 2023/03/02
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Introduction
Vascular endothelium, which expresses antigens, could be targeted by various antibodies, and it is the first barrier between the immune system and the allograft in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). We aimed to outline the clinical significance of anti-endothelial cell antibodies (AECA) in paediatric KTRs.

Material and methods
Serum AECA IgG titres were measured pre and post renal transplantation in 46 paediatric kidney transplant recipients and in 12 age- and gender-matched healthy controls by ELISA technique.

Results
In KTRs, AECA titres were significantly increased after transplantation compared to both pre-transplantation (1.66 ±0.90 vs. 0.76 ±0.58 ng/ml, p = 0.002) and healthy controls (1.66 ±0.90 vs. 0.6 ±0.2 ng/ml, p = 0.004). In KTRs, AECA titres were significantly increased in living unrelated compared to living related renal grafts (3.3 ±3.9 vs. 1.09 ±0.87 ng/ml, p = 0.003) and were significantly affected by the type of induction therapy (in anti-thymocyte globulin, n = 30), basiliximab (n = 9) and no antibody induction (n = 7) groups; (1.32 ±1.18, 2.5 ±4.37 and 2.01 ±2.27 ng/ml respectively, p = 0.0372). Anti-endothelial cell antibodies titre was detected positive (≥ 1.2 ng/ml) in 21% (3 patients) of KTRs with acute rejection (AR) (n = 14) and in 28% (2 patients) of KTRs with chronic graft dysfunction (n = 7).

Conclusions
In KTRs, AECA titre is increased after kidney transplantation without a significant correlation with AR. Anti-endothelial cell antibodies titre is influenced by donor relations and antibody induction.

keywords:

anti-endothelial cell antibodies, acute and chronic rejection, children, immunological role, kidney transplantation