Soluble receptors CD30 and CD26 in serum of patients with atopic dermatitis as markers of disease activity

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, recurrent, inflammatory skin disease of increasing prevalence. Etiopathogenesis of atopic dermatitis is multifactorial and still unclear. Immunological processes seem to play an important role, amongst them disequilibrium between populations of Th1 and Th2 lymphocytes. The aim of the study was to assess levels of soluble receptors CD30 (sCD30) and CD26 (sCD26) in patients with atopic dermatitis in relation to disease severity measured with
SCORAD scale and to evaluate possible correlation between the levels of those receptors and total IgE and eosinophilia.
Serum levels of the receptors were measured with ELISA technique. Results of our study demonstrated significant increase of serum levels of sCD30 in atopic patients in relation to healthy non-atopic controls, both in exacerbation and remission state (p=0,007; p=0,003). Conversely, a significantly lower concentration of sCD26 was noted in AD patients in exacerbation and remission compared with control group (p=0,002; p=0,001).
The study revealed statistically significant correlation between serum levels of sCD30 and disease severity of atopic dermatitis presented as SCORAD values in exacerbation and remission states, whereas similar relation between serum levels of sCD26 and SCORAD was not found.
Results of our study seem to confirm usefulness of measuring of serum levels of soluble receptor CD30 as a marker of disease activity.