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ISSN: 1642-395X
Advances in Dermatology and Allergology/Postępy Dermatologii i Alergologii
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3/2021
vol. 38
 
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abstract:
Original paper

Stimulation of an immune system by different types of allergens causes seasonal (late spring and summer) factors to increase probability of allergic rhinitis symptoms. The Epidemiology of Allergic Diseases in Poland (ECAP) survey: part two

Andrzej Namysłowski
1
,
Agnieszka Lipiec
1
,
Wojciech Zieliński
1, 2
,
Filip Raciborski
1
,
Aneta Tomaszewska
1
,
Artur Walkiewicz
1
,
Piotr Samel-Kowalik
1
,
Oksana Wojas
1
,
Barbara Piekarska
1
,
Bolesław Samoliński
1

  1. Department of the Prevention of Environmental Hazards and Allergology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
  2. Department of Econometrics and Statistics, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
Adv Dermatol Allergol 2021; XXXVIII (3): 384–388
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/ada.2021.107925
Online publish date: 2021/07/26
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Introduction
Specific immunoglobulins E (sIgE) are important parameters to estimate severity of allergic diseases. Aim: To determine the relationship between the concentration of sIgE antibodies in serum and clinical outcome of allergic diseases.

Material and methods
The concentration of sIgE antibodies against allergens Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, cat dander, Timothy grass, Alternaria alternata were determined in serum of 4077 respondents randomly selected from 9 regions (ECAP study). Positive results of sIgE (≥ 0.35 IU/ml) were correlated with answers in ECRHSII and ISAAC questionnaires.

Results
IgE antibodies are more frequently detected in respondents aged over 4 years when they had their first attack of asthma (cat dander p < 0.05, Timothy grass p < 0.05). IgE antibodies are less frequently detected in respondents aged over 29 years when they had the first allergic rhinitis symptoms as compared to respondents aged 0–19 years when they had the first allergic rhinitis symptoms (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). Among respondents showing allergic rhinitis symptoms, IgE antibodies are more frequently detected in respondents showing those symptoms from May to August (p < 0.05 to p < 0.005).

Conclusions
The first attack of asthma appears later mainly in patients whose immune systems are more strongly stimulated by allergens. Development of allergic rhinitis in patients aged over 29 years presumably needs weaker stimulation of their immune systems by allergens than in patients aged 0–19 years. Stimulation of an immune system by different types of allergens modifies its response in such a way that seasonal (late spring and summer) factors increase probability of allergic rhinitis symptoms.

keywords:

specific IgE, asthma, allergic rhinitis, epidemiology, ECAP
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