Long-term care system and demand for such services

Introduction. In most of the countries, as well as in Poland, the society is ageing. This phenomenon can be observed jointly with the
lengthening of average life expectancy which results among others from medicine development and increased therapy effectiveness. Recently
the population of elderly, chronically diseased and disabled people is increasing.

Aim of the study. The aim of this research was to collect information regarding bio-psycho-social needs of chronic patients staying at their
homes in the North-East Masovian. The research aimed at characterizing chronic patients under treatment at home and determining their
curative needs and life problems.

Material and methods. In examining patients and their families a diagnostic poll was used: A questionnaire of nursery diagnosis of the need
for health care services at patient’s house. The questions were addressed directly at the patients and their carers to evaluate the state of
carers’ health and the caring efficiency of the family. The questionnaire was conducted among 459 patients and their 433 carers. The
majority of examined patients were over 60 years old, namely 283 people, including 109 over 75 years old.

Results and conclusions. Family is the best long-term care institution. Over 96% of chronic patients receive daily treatment regarding
household, personal, hygienic, therapeutic and transportation activities, for many months and years from their relatives. Family ensures
emotional and social needs, provides psychological and financial support. Chronic patients and their families receive help form community
nurses, family doctors and social workers. However, 21.13% of people under research do not receive any support from the outside. As a consequence of anticipated increased demand for nursery services regarding rehabilitation, geriatrics and palliative care, there is
a necessity to guarantee adequate level of health and social services, in qualitative and quantitative terms to those who due to their chronic
disease or disability, cannot single-handed operate at their place of residence.

Nursing Topics 2010; 18 (2): 198-206