The complexity of tumour angiogenesis based on recently described molecules

Weronika Wiśniewska; Michal Kopka; Karolina Siemiątkowska; Marta Magdalena Fudalej; Aleksandra Sobiborowicz; Anna Maria Badowska-Kozakiewicz

doi:10.5114/wo.2021.105075

eISSN: 1897-4309
ISSN: 1428-2526

Contemporary Oncology/Współczesna Onkologia

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1/2021
vol. 25

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abstract:

Review paper

The complexity of tumour angiogenesis based on recently described molecules

Weronika Wiśniewska

¹

,

Michal Kopka

¹

,

Karolina Siemiątkowska

¹

,

Marta Magdalena Fudalej

^{2, 3}

,

Aleksandra Sobiborowicz

¹

,

Anna Maria Badowska-Kozakiewicz

²

Students’ Scientific Organization of Cancer Cell Biology, Department of Cancer Prevention, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
Department of Cancer Prevention, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
3Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland

Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2021; 25 (1): 33-44

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/wo.2021.105075

Online publish date: 2021/04/15

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Tumour angiogenesis is a crucial factor associated with tumour growth, progression, and metastasis. The whole process is the result of an interaction between a wide range of different molecules, influencing each other. Herein we summarize novel discoveries related to the less known angiogenic molecules such as galectins, pentraxin-3, Ral-interacting protein of 76 kDa (RLIP76), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), B7-H3, and delta-like ligand-4 (DLL-4) and their role in the process of tumour angiogenesis. These molecules influence the most important molecular pathways involved in the formation of blood vessels in cancer, including the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor interaction (VEGFR), HIF1-a activation, or PI3K/Akt/mTOR and JAK-STAT signalling pathways. Increased expression of galectins, RLIP76, and B7H3 has been proven in several malignancies. Pentraxin-3, which appears to inhibit tumour angiogenesis, shows reduced expression in tumour tissues. Anti-angiogenic treatment based mainly on VEGF inhibition has proved to be of limited effectiveness, leading to the development of drug resistance. The newly discovered molecules are of great interest as a potential source of new anti-cancer therapies. Their role as targets for new drugs and as prognostic markers in neoplasms is discussed in this review.

keywords:

The complexity of tumour angiogenesis based on recently described molecules

Weronika Wiśniewska 1 , Michal Kopka 1 , Karolina Siemiątkowska 1 , Marta Magdalena Fudalej 2, 3 , Aleksandra Sobiborowicz 1 , Anna Maria Badowska-Kozakiewicz 2

angiogenesis, carcinogenesis, galectins

Weronika Wiśniewska

¹

,

Michal Kopka

¹

,

Karolina Siemiątkowska

¹

,

Marta Magdalena Fudalej

^{2, 3}

,

Aleksandra Sobiborowicz

¹

,

Anna Maria Badowska-Kozakiewicz

²