The effect of different training programs on patients’ anxiety and pain levels before total hip arthroplasty surgery

Introduction
Surgical procedure-specific pain and anxiety are frequently experienced. Patient training is reported to play an important role in reducing such pain and anxiety. Various methods are used to alleviate anxiety and pain, which are among the most common findings in patients undergoing surgical intervention. One particularly prominent method employed for many years involves informing and educating the patient about the prevention of surgical pain and anxiety, a subject of concern to both patients and healthcare professionals.

Material and methods
The research was planned as a randomized controlled quasi-experimental study intended to determine the effect of different training programs on pain and anxiety levels in patients. Data in this quasi-experimental study were collected using a questionnaire, the Visual Pain Rating Scale, and the State-Trait Anxiety Scale. The NCSS 2007 program, descriptive statistics, and parametric tests were used for statistical analysis in the data analysis process. p values < 0.05 were considered significant.

Results
Postoperative state anxiety scores (p < 0.01) and postoperative visual analogue scale scores (p < 0.01) were lower in the third (routine preoperative training + service training + operating room training) training group than in the first (routine preoperative training) and second (routine preoperative training + service training) groups.

Conclusions
The study findings show that anxiety and pain decreased as training increased. The results of this research show that routine instruction enriched with service and operating room training for patients scheduled for surgical procedures exhibited positive effects on pain and anxiety levels.