eISSN: 1897-4317
ISSN: 1895-5770
Gastroenterology Review/Przegląd Gastroenterologiczny
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1/2023
vol. 18
 
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abstract:
Original paper

The effects of liraglutide on liver enzymes and metabolic factors in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Adnan Malik
1
,
Waseem Amjad
2
,
Faisal Inayat
3
,
Mahum Nadeem
4
,
Simcha Weissman
5
,
Muhammad Imran Malik
6
,
Ans Ahmad Jajja
3
,
Ahmad Khan
7
,
James H. Tabibian
8

  1. Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
  2. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
  3. Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
  4. Oklahoma University Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
  5. Hackensack University Palisades Medical Center, North Bergen, NJ, USA
  6. Airedale General Hospital, Keighley, West Yorkshire, UK
  7. Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
  8. Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Sylmar, CA, USA
Gastroenterology Rev 2023; 18 (1): 100–109
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/pg.2022.112775
Online publish date: 2022/01/23
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Introduction
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease, but no drug therapies have been approved to date. While glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues may help in the management, the existing evidence remains conflicting.

Aim
This meta-analysis aims to elucidate the efficacy of liraglutide in patients with NASH.

Material and methods
We searched 4 databases for randomized controlled trials assessing the efficacy of liraglutide in patients with NASH. We analysed continuous outcomes using the mean difference (MD) and relative 95% confidence interval (CI), while dichotomous outcomes were analysed using the risk ratio (RR) and relative 95% CI. Primary endpoints included alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (IU/l), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (IU/l), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (IU/l), and -glutamyl transferase (GGT) (IU/l). Secondary outcomes were body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2), waist circumference (cm), total cholesterol (TC) (mmol/l), triglyceride (TG) (mmoll), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (mmol/l), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (mmol/l), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (%).

Results
A total of 5 clinical trials were included. The analysis showed that liraglutide is effective in increasing HDL (MD = +0.10 (–0.18, –0.02), p = 0.02) and reducing LDL levels in blood (MD = –0.29 (–0.56, –0.02), p = 0.04). No significant difference was noted in levels of ALT (MD = 2.66 (–1.56, 6.87), p = 0.22), AST (MD = –1.99 (–5.70, 1.72), p = 0.29), GGT (MD = 5.02 (–0.86, 10.90), p = 0.09), ALP (MD = –5.16 (–11.90, 1.59), p = 0.13), TC (MD = –0.31 (–0.65, 0.03), p = 0.07), or TG (MD = –0.14 (–0.53, 0.25), p = 0.48). The HbA1c (%) level was found to be significantly reduced in the liraglutide arm (MD = –0.62 (–0.88, –0.36), p < 0.01).

Conclusions
Liraglutide effectively improves the lipid profile in patients with NASH.

keywords:

liraglutide, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, liver enzymes, metabolic factors
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