eISSN: 1897-4252
ISSN: 1731-5530
Kardiochirurgia i Torakochirurgia Polska/Polish Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
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4/2022
vol. 19
 
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abstract:
Original paper

The impact of modular cardiac rehabilitation on quality of life and exercise tolerance in patients with myocardial infarction and COVID-19 infection

Berik Bolatbekov
1, 2
,
Kymbat Trusheva
1
,
Tilektes Maulenkul
1
,
Amirkhan Baimagambetov
1
,
Nurlan Zhanabayev
1
,
Gulmira Kudaiberdieva
3

  1. Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkestan, Kazakhstan
  2. Cardiomed Clinic, Shymkent, Kazakhstan
  3. Scientific Research Institute of Heart Surgery and Organ Transplantation, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, Adana, Turkey
Kardiochirurgia i Torakochirurgia Polska 2022; 19 (4): 211-219
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/kitp.2022.122091
Online publish date: 2022/12/24
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Introduction
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide during cardiovascular diseases. An important step in the secondary prevention of recurrent myocardial infarction is cardiac rehabilitation (CR). However, with the onset of the global COVID-19 pandemic, the CR programs in many clinics were limited due to the quarantine measures. Knowledge about the effects of CR on quality of life and exercise tolerance in AMI patients with COVID is scarce.

Aim
To evaluate the use of a modular CR program on quality of life and exercise tolerance among post-AMI patients with COVID-19 recovery, and in those with no history of COVID-19 infection.

Material and methods
This study included 118 patients with or recovering from acute myocardial infarction. They were divided into 2 groups: the first group included 86 patients, who had slight “ground-glass opacity” changes on the computed tomography (CT) scans, and the second group comprised 32 patients, who had no history of coronavirus infection or no change on CT scan of the lungs during the pandemic. The CR program was modified due to the pandemic era.

Results
Physical tolerance increased in both groups after CR 3.6 months as compared to before the CR program (duration of training in seconds (p < 0.05), a 6-minute walk test (p < 0.05), the maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) (p < 0.05), and the metabolic equivalent of task (MET) (p < 0.05)). Similarly, quality of life measures improved in both groups. Treatment satisfaction was higher in the first group at the beginning and the end of CR.

Conclusions
The modular CR program improves exercise capacity and quality of life with AMI and COVID-19 similar to that of patients without AMI. Patients after COVID-19 should undergo rehabilitation

keywords:

cardiac rehabilitation, COVID-19 infection, acute myocardial infarction
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