The role of progranulin (PGRN) in the modulation of anti-inflammatory response in asthma

Milena Pogonowska; Łukasz A. Poniatowski; Agata Wawrzyniak; Katarzyna Królikowska; Bolesław Kalicki

doi:10.5114/ceji.2019.83267

eISSN: 1644-4124
ISSN: 1426-3912

Central European Journal of Immunology

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abstract:

Review paper

The role of progranulin (PGRN) in the modulation of anti-inflammatory response in asthma

Milena Pogonowska

¹

,

Łukasz A. Poniatowski

^{2, 3}

,

Agata Wawrzyniak

¹

,

Katarzyna Królikowska

¹

,

Bolesław Kalicki

¹

Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology and Allergology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of National Defence, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CePT), Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
Department of Neurosurgery, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland

(Centr Eur J Immunol 2019; 44 (1): 91-101)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/ceji.2019.83267

Online publish date: 2019/03/11

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Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases. Epidemiological studies show that asthma will develop among around 40% of children under six years old with symptoms of bronchial obstruction.Diagnosis of asthma is complicated, especially in the paediatric population. As a result, a lot of research is being carried out to establish the pathophysiology and to find new biomarkers of this disease. Progranulin (PGRN) is a recently discovered growth factor with many biological functions. PGRN has anti-inflammatory properties because it inhibits neutrophil degranulation and blocks tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) transmission. The underlying mechanisms are still being researched, but TNF-α is considered to be a cytokine responsible for neutrophilic inflammation in the airways and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Therefore, PGRN, by lowering TNF-α concentration and stimulating regulatory T-cell (Treg) proliferation, relieves symptoms of bronchial inflammatory diseases. This article attempts to verify the current knowledge about basic pathophysiological mechanisms in asthma. We also summarise the most recent research advances in the role of PGRN in the respiratory system.

keywords:

The role of progranulin (PGRN) in the modulation of anti-inflammatory response in asthma

Milena Pogonowska 1 , Łukasz A. Poniatowski 2, 3 , Agata Wawrzyniak 1 , Katarzyna Królikowska 1 , Bolesław Kalicki 1

progranulin, PGRN, paediatric asthma, TNF-α, biomarker

Milena Pogonowska

¹

,

Łukasz A. Poniatowski

^{2, 3}

,

Agata Wawrzyniak

¹

,

Katarzyna Królikowska

¹

,

Bolesław Kalicki

¹