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ISSN: 1643-8876
Menopause Review/Przegląd Menopauzalny
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1/2023
vol. 22
 
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abstract:
Original paper

Transplacental permeability of heavy metals in relation to newborn sex – evidence from the neurodevelopment project

Giuseppe Giordano
1
,
Giuseppe Gullo
2
,
Marco Scaglione
3
,
Giovanni Buzzaccarini
4
,
Gaspare Cucinella
2
,
Domenico Gullo
5
,
Daniela Segreto
5
,
Vito Chiantera
6
,
Antonio Simone Laganà
6
,
Francesca Di Gaudio
7

  1. Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Ospedali Riuniti “Villa Sofia – V. Cervello”, Palermo, Italy
  2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, “Villa Sofia – V. Cervello” Hospital, IVF UNIT, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
  3. Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal-Child Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
  4. Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
  5. Technical Panel on Gender Medicine, Sicily Regional Health Service, Palermo, Italy
  6. Unit of Gynaecological Oncology, ARNAS “Civico – Di Cristina – Benfratelli”, Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
  7. Quality Control and Chemical Risk (CQRC), Department PROMISE, University Hospital P. Giaccone, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
Menopause Rev 2023; 22(1): 30-36
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/pm.2023.126437
Online publish date: 2023/04/03
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Introduction
Gender medicine is an innovative medical approach that studies how some biological variables are influenced by the male or female sex and gender. This issue is under debate because it characterizes the impact of tailored or individual medicine. In this scenario, the aim of this study is to study the correlation between heavy metal exposure and pathologies of neurodevelopment, according to the sex of newborns. In particular, this is an observational study under the name of the Neurosviluppo Project, involving 217 mother-child couples.

Material and methods
The correlation with phenotype small for gestational age and congenital malformations were studied, but above all we focused on the pattern of placental permeability to heavy metals.

Results
Our results are specifically related to foetal medicine and investigate the impact of foetal sex in transplacental metal exposure. Our results did not show any significant differences related to foetal sex in terms of congenital malformations or the other variables taken into consideration. However, because these conclusions are the first related to the gender medicine in transplacental foetal medicine, they could be a marked background for further studies.

Conclusions
Considering the lack of data in literature regarding foetal sexual medicine and transplacental exposure, these study results are pioneering in terms of sexual foetal medicine. Possibly in the future, studies regarding the correlation between foetal sex and obstetrics outcomes will be performed.

keywords:

sex and gender, gender medicine, transplacental transport, metal exposure, sexual medicine
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