Epidemiology of diabetes type 1 in children aged 0-14 in Podlasie Province in years 2005-2012

Introduction. Epidemiological studies performed during last decades in many European countries and in the world proved increasing incidence rate of diabetes, especially diabetes type 1 in children (DMT1). In Europe there is one of the highest diabetes incidence rate. The aim of the study was to estimate the incidence rate of diabetes type 1 in children aged 0–14 years in North-East Poland during 2005–2012 years and to analyse this rates in relation to age, gender and season of the diabetes onset. Patients and methods. The study was performed among patients staying under care of outpatient diabetes clinic of the Department of Pediatric, Endocrinologym Diabetology with Cardilogy Division, medical University of Białystok, Poland. The DMT1 incidence rate was calculated as the number of all newly diagnosed cases per 100 000 persons 0–14 aged matched. Results. During the studied 8-years- period DMT1 was diagnosed in 306 children aged 0–14 years, 159 boys and 147 girls, in Podlasie Province. The highest number of new cases was found in 2011: 49, and 2012: 47, with the lowest number in 2005 and 2009: 32 each year. The average incidence rate in the studied period was 20,84/100 000 population, aged matched. The lowest incidence rate was found in 0–4 yrs old group: 14,59 /100 000, in 5–9 years old group was: 22,04/100 000, and was highest in 10–14 years old group: 24,94/100 000. The highest increase in incidence rate was noted in the youngest group: from 9,14/100 000 in 2005, to 23,45/100 000 in 2012. The greatest number of new recognisions was found in from November to March, and the lowest number from June to August. Conclusions. 1. The DMT1 incidence rate among children aged 0–14 years, in Podlasie Province, during 2005–2012 years was 20,84/100 000. 2. Increase in incidence rate was observed in the studied period from 15,23/100 000 in 2005 to 26,71/100 000 in 2012. The highest increase in incidence rate, 2,5 times, was fund in the youngest group, aged 0–4 years. 3. The seasonal incidence of New onset was observed with the greater number in autumn-winter months.