An overview of the application of artificial intelligence in psychotherapy: A systematic review

Psychotherapy provides a feeling of control in people with mental health problems, overwhelmed with psychological and emotional conflicts. It assists them in handling their impulses and regaining serenity through mindful alterations in their behaviors and emotions. Such emotional and behavioral improvements may be achieved by enhancing the listening abilities and observational skills, raising awareness and attention for change. Traditional psychotherapy calls for one-on-one therapeutic sessions during the course of healing and treatment. In the present era, information technology (IT) is governing all aspects of life, and it can be observed that many human interactions and activities are being supported and, to some extent, replaced by IT tools. Similarly, contemporary psychotherapy is utilizing specialized tools and techniques based on information technology and artificial intelligence (AI) technology, which helps in cognitive and behavioral assessments and modifications. The notion of integrating these two extensive realms of psychotherapy and vitality of artificial intelligence has attracted attention in the modern era. There has been a reluctance among psychologists and psychotherapists to use information technology and artificial intelligence due to a perceived threat of employment insecurities, being replaced by computer-led programs and artificial intelligence, and some other associated consequences. But on a positive note, the advancement and integration of AI technology in the practice of psychology and psychotherapy can have effects that may completely transform the mental health services and bring about social benefits. Psychologists and mental health practitioners need to play an active role in the development and renaissance of AI technology. This paper review focuses on the use of AI through computer-implemented psychotherapeutic tools, which may enhance self-awareness.