Autoimmune encephalitis with anti-NMDAR antibodies in multiple myeloma – case report and literature review

Anna Stanowska; Barbara Wach; Marcin Wnuk

doi:10.5114/ppn.2019.86259

eISSN: 2720-5371
ISSN: 1230-2813

Advances in Psychiatry and Neurology/Postępy Psychiatrii i Neurologii

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2/2019
vol. 28

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abstract:

Case report

Autoimmune encephalitis with anti-NMDAR antibodies in multiple myeloma – case report and literature review

Anna Stanowska

¹

,

Barbara Wach

¹

,

Marcin Wnuk

²

Department of Neurology, 5th Military Hospital with Policlinic in Cracow, Poland
Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland

Adv Psychiatry Neurol 2019; 28 (2): 162-167

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2019.86259

Online publish date: 2019/06/28

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Purpose
The initial presentation of autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) may resemble other disorders and a comprehensive investigation is required. In this paper we emphasize the challenges faced by a treating team performing a differential diagnosis and the necessity for insightful multidisciplinary collaboration.

Case description
We report on the case of a 67-year old man who developed transient disturbances of consciousness in the course of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis, which was the first manifestation of malignant myeloma. To our knowledge, this is the first case of anti-NMDAR encephalitis associated with multiple myeloma described in the literature.

Comment
AIE with anti-NMDAR antibodies has become a well-characterised variant of the condition. AIE may or may not be associated with tumour; therefore it is necessary to use the screening approach for primary malignancy. A proper diagnosis is essential in management due to AIE’s potential to respond to immunotherapy and tumour removal if one is present.

keywords:

Autoimmune encephalitis with anti-NMDAR antibodies in multiple myeloma – case report and literature review

Anna Stanowska 1 , Barbara Wach 1 , Marcin Wnuk 2

multiple myeloma, autoimmune encephalitis, anti-NMDAR antibodies, paraneoplastic neurological syndrome

Anna Stanowska

¹

,

Barbara Wach

¹

,

Marcin Wnuk

²