eISSN: 1644-4124
ISSN: 1426-3912
Central European Journal of Immunology
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2/2021
vol. 46
 
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abstract:
Clinical immunology

Effect of gluten-free diet on levels of soluble CD14 and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein in adult patients with celiac disease

Silvia Ferreira
1
,
José Masi
2
,
Vivian Giménez
1
,
María-Mercedes Carpinelli
1
,
Osvaldo Laterza
3
,
Marcela Hermoso
4
,
Jesús Ortiz-Villalba
3
,
María-Elena Chamorro
2
,
Patricia Langjahr
1

  1. Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Paraguay
  2. Fundación Paraguaya de Celíacos (FUPACEL), Paraguay
  3. Endoscopy Center, Sanatorio San Roque, Asunción, Paraguay
  4. Innate Immunity Laboratory, Immunology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Universidad de Chile, Chile
Cent Eur J Immunol 2021; 46 (2): 225-230
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/ceji.2021.107012
Online publish date: 2021/06/16
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Introduction
Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune enteropathy triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically susceptible individuals. In CD, activation of the immune response causes damage of the intestinal mucosa, and a gluten-free diet (GFD) is the only available therapy. Intestinal damage can lead to an increase in the circulation of components of bacteria from the intestinal lumen, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Soluble CD14 (sCD14) and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) participate in the recognition of LPS, and their levels are altered in different pathologies. In the present study, the circulating levels of sCD14 and LBP from untreated CD patients were evaluated and compared to CD patients on a GFD and controls.

Material and methods
n total seventy-two adult patients with CD, twenty-three untreated CD patients and forty-nine on a GFD were included. In addition, fifty-five healthy individuals were included as controls. Additionally, the effect of LPS on sCD14 production by both normal and inflamed intestinal tissue culture was explored.

Results
Serum levels of sCD14 were found to be significantly increased in untreated CD patients compared to patients on a GFD and controls. In addition, we found that LPS induced the production of sCD14 by biopsies of intestinal tissue from untreated CD patients.

Conclusions
The data from this study show that circulating levels of sCD14 are increased in the untreated CD patients compared to patients on a GFD. Our data show that LPS induces the production of sCD14 by the intestinal tissue from untreated CD patients.

keywords:

celiac disease, gluten-free diet, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, soluble CD14
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