eISSN: 2449-8580
ISSN: 1734-3402
Family Medicine & Primary Care Review
Current issue Archive Manuscripts accepted About the journal Editorial board Reviewers Abstracting and indexing Subscription Contact Instructions for authors Publication charge Ethical standards and procedures
Editorial System
Submit your Manuscript
SCImago Journal & Country Rank
Search

Open access

without publication fees
4/2024
vol. 26
 
Share:
Send email
Share:
Review paper

Effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids on mitigation of the side effects of isotretionin treatment for patients with acne vulgaris: a narrative review

Agnieszka Kaźmierska
1
,
Izabela Anna Bolesławska
1
,
Juliusz Przysławski
1

  1. Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznan, Poland
Family Medicine & Primary Care Review 2024; 26(4): 529–537
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/fmpcr.2024.144925
Online publish date: 2024/12/29
Article file
- 16 FM&PCR 4 24 - R - Kaźmierska - 1528 - Effects.pdf  [0.34 MB]
Get citation
 
PlumX metrics:
 
1. Jabłońska S, Majewski S. Choroby skóry i choroby przenoszone drogą płciową. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Lekarskie PZWL; 2022 (in Polish).
2. Heng AHS, Chew FT. Systematic Review of the Epidemiology of Acne Vulgaris. Sci Rep 2020; 10: 5754, doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-62715-3.
3. Kutlu O, Karadag AS, Wollina U. Adult acne versus adolescent acne: a narrative review with a focus on epidemiology to treatment. Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 2023; 98: 75–83, doi: 10.1016/j.abd.2022.01.006.
4. Zasada M, Budzisz E. Retinoids: Active Molecules Influencing Skin Structure Formation in Cosmetic and Dermatological Treatments. Post Dermatol Alergol 2019; 36: 392–397, doi: 10.5114/ada.2019.87443.
5. Costa CS, Bagatin E, Martimbianco ALC, et al. Oral Isotretinoin for Acne. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018; 2018, CD009435, doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009435.
6. Bagatin E, Costa CS. The Use of Isotretinoin for Acne – an Update on Optimal Dosing, Surveillance, and Adverse Effects. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2020; 13: 885–897, doi: 10.1080/17512433.2020.1796637.
7. Melnik BC. Acne Transcriptomics: Fundamentals of Acne Pathogenesis and Isotretinoin Treatment. Cells 2023; 12: 2600, doi: 10.3390/cells12222600.
8. Owen C. Oral Isotretinoin Therapy for Acne Vulgaris. 2023 Aug [cited 06.02.2024]. Available from URL: https://medilib.ir/uptodate/show/38.
9. Faghihi G, Mokhtari F, Fard NM, et al. Comparing the Efficacy of Low Dose and Conventional Dose of Oral Isotretinoin in Treatment of Moderate and Severe Acne Vulgaris. J Res Pharm Pract 2017; 6: 233–238, doi: 10.4103/jrpp.JRPP_17_30.
10. Zapała M, Hunek A, Kaziród K, et al. The Use of Retinoids in the Treatment of Skin Lesions and Prevention of Signs of Skin Aging – a Systematic Review. J Educ Health Sport 2023; 27: 87–107, doi: 10.12775/JEHS.2023.27.01.009.
11. Torzecka JD, Dziankowska-Bartkowiak B, Gerlicz-Kowalczuk. The Use of Isotretinoin in Low Doses and Unconventional Treatment Regimens in Different Types of Acne: A Literature Review. Adv Dermatol Allergol 2017; 34: 1–5, doi: 10.5114/ada.2017.65614.
12. Mukerjee S, Saeedan AS, Ansari Mohd N, et al. Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Mediated Regulation of Membrane Biochemistry and Tumor Cell Membrane Integrity. Membranes (Basel) 2021; 11: 479, doi: 10.3390/membranes11070479.
13. Olejnik A, Gornowicz-Porowska J, Jenerowicz D, et al. Fatty Acids Profile and the Relevance of Membranes as the Target of Nutrition-Based Strategies in Atopic Dermatitis: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15: 3857, doi: 10.3390/nu15173857.
14. Michalak M, Pierzak M, Kręcisz B, et al. Bioactive Compounds for Skin Health: A Review. Nutrients 2021; 13: 203, doi: 10.3390/nu13010203.
15. Bojarowicz H, Makowska K, Krysiński J. Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Diet for General Health and Skin Care. Nutri Food Sci Int J 2019; 8: 1–3, doi: 10.19080/NFSIJ.2019.08.555750.
16. Balić A, Vlašić D, Žužul K, et al. Z. Omega-3 Versus Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Prevention and Treatment of Inflammatory Skin Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21: 741, doi: 10.3390/ijms21030741.
17. Sawada Y, Saito-Sasaki N, Nakamura M. Omega 3 Fatty Acid and Skin Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 11: 623052, doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.623052.
18. Mahboubi M. Evening Primrose (Oenothera Biennis) Oil in Management of Female Ailments. J Menopausal Med 2019; 25: 74–82, doi: 10.6118/jmm.18190.
19. Schafer N, Balwierz R, Biernat P, et al. Natural Ingredients of Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems as Permeation Enhancers of Active Substances through the Stratum Corneum. Mol Pharmaceutics 2023; 20: 3278–3297, doi: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00126.
20. Cao C, Xiao Z, Wu Y, et al. Diet and Skin Aging – From the Perspective of Food Nutrition. Nutrients 2020; 12: 870, doi: 10.3390/nu12030870.
21. Leung AK, Barankin B, Lam JM, et al. Dermatology: How to Manage Acne Vulgaris. Drugs Context 2021; 10: 2021-8–6, doi: 10.7573/dic.2021-8-6.
22. Oge’ LK, Broussard A, Marshall MD. Acne Vulgaris: Diagnosis and Treatment. Am Fam Physician 2019; 100: 475–484.
23. Vasam M, Korutla S, Bohara RA. Acne Vulgaris: A Review of the Pathophysiology, Treatment, and Recent Nanotechnology Based Advances. Biochem Biophys Rep 2023; 36: 101578, doi: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101578.
24. NaamnehElzenaty R, du Toit T, Flück CE. Basics of Androgen Synthesis and Action. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 36: 101665, doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2022.101665.
25. Alemany M. The Roles of Androgens in Humans: Biology, Metabolic Regulation and Health. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23: 11952, doi: 10.3390/ijms231911952.
26. Sobhan M, Seif Rabiei MA, Amerifar M. Correlation Between Lipid Profile and Acne Vulgaris. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2020; 13: 67–71, doi: 10.2147/CCID.S230617.
27. Lee HG, Kim ChJ. Classic and Backdoor Pathways of Androgen Biosynthesis in Human Sexual Development. Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2022; 27: 83–89, doi: 10.6065/apem.2244124.062.
28. Leelambika C, Sarkar P. Dyslipidemia in Patients with Acne Vulgaris: A Clinicobiochemical Study from a Tertiary Care Center. Indian J Med Biochem 2019; 23(3): 320–323, doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10054-0112.
29. Veena HN, Shilpa K, Leelavathy B, et al. Comparative Analysis of Serum Lipid Profile in Adults with and Without Acne Vulgaris in a Tertiary Care Center in South India. Clin Dermatol Rev 2020; 4: 160, doi: 10.4103/CDR.CDR_40_19.
30. Suggs A, Loesch M, Ezaldein H, et al. An Acne Survey from the World’s Largest Annual Gathering of Twins. J Drugs Dermatol 2018; 17: 380–382.
31. Sutaria AH, Masood S, Saleh HM, et al. Acne Vulgaris. In: StatPearls; StatPearls Publishing: Treasure Island (FL) [cited 06.02.2024]. Available from URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459173/.
32. Passeron T, Zouboulis CC, Tan J, et al. Adult Skin Acute Stress Responses to Short-Term Environmental and Internal Aggression from Exposome Factors. J EurAcad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35: 1963–1975, doi: 10.1111/jdv.17432.
33. Pondeljak N, Lugović-Mihić L. Stress-Induced Interaction of Skin Immune Cells, Hormones, and Neurotransmitters. Clin Ther 2020; 42: 757–770, doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2020.03.008.
34. Claudel JP, Auffret N, Leccia MT, et al. Acne and Nutrition: Hypotheses, Myths and Facts. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018; 32: 1631–1637, doi: 10.1111/jdv.14998.
35. Meixiong J, Ricco C, Vasavda C, et al. Diet and Acne: A Systematic Review. JAAD Int 2022; 7: 95–112, doi: 10.1016/j.jdin.2022.02.012.
36. Juhl CR, Bergholdt HKM, Miller IM, et al. Dairy Intake and Acne Vulgaris: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 78,529 Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults. Nutrients 2018; 10: 1049, doi: 10.3390/nu10081049.
37. Melnik BC. Lifetime Impact of Cow’s Milk on Overactivation of mTORC1: From Fetal to Childhood Overgrowth, Acne, Diabetes, Cancers, and Neurodegeneration. Biomolecules 2021; 11: 404, doi: 10.3390/biom11030404.
38. Janssen JAMJL. The Impact of Westernization on the Insulin/IGF-I Signaling Pathway and the Metabolic Syndrome: It Is Time for Change. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24: 4551, doi: 10.3390/ijms24054551.
39. Petersen MC, Shulman GI. Mechanisms of Insulin Action and Insulin Resistance. Physiol Rev 2018; 98: 2133–2223, doi: 10.1152/physrev.00063.2017.
40. Kowalska H, Sysa-Jędrzejowska A, Woźniacka A. Role of Diet in the Aetiopathogenesis of Acne. Przegl Dermatol 2018; 105: 51–62, doi: 10.5114/dr.2018.74166.
41. Layton AM, Dias da Rocha MA. Real-World Case Studies Showing the Effective Use of Azelaic Acid in the Treatment, and During the Maintenance Phase, of Adult Female Acne Patients. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2023; 16: 515–527, doi: 10.2147/CCID.S396023.
42. Tomić I, Miočić S, Pepić Z, et al. Efficacy and Safety of Azelaic Acid Nanocrystal-Loaded In Situ Hydrogel in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13: 567, doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040567.
43. Mazzarello V, Donadu MG, Ferrari M, et al. Treatment of Acne with a Combination of Propolis, Tea Tree Oil, and Aloe Vera Compared to Erythromycin Cream: Two Double-Blind Investigations. Clin Pharmacol 2018; 10: 175–181, doi: 10.2147/CPAA.S180474.
44. Lubtikulthum P, Kamanamool N, Udompataikul M. A Comparative Study on the Effectiveness of Herbal Extracts vs 2.5% Benzoyl Peroxide in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Acne Vulgaris. J Cosmet Dermatol 2019; 18: 1767–1775, doi: 10.1111/jocd.12962.
45. Sánchez M, González-Burgos E, Iglesias I, et al. Pharmacological Update Properties of Aloe Vera and Its Major Active Constituents. Molecules 2020; 25: 1324, doi: 10.3390/molecules25061324.
46. Choudhri P, Rani M, Sangwan RS, et al. De Novo Sequencing, Assembly and Characterisation of Aloe Vera Transcriptome and Analysis of Expression Profiles of Genes Related to Saponin and Anthraquinone Metabolism. BMC Genomics 2018; 19: 1–21, doi: 10.1186/s12864-018-4819-2.
47. Zhong H, Li X, Zhang W, et al. Efficacy of a New Non-Drug Acne Therapy: Aloe Vera Gel Combined with Ultrasound and Soft Mask for the Treatment of Mild to Severe Facial Acne. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8: 662640, doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.662640.
48. Kılıç S, Okullu SÖ, Kurt Ö, et al. Efficacy of Two Plant Extracts against Acne Vulgaris: Initial Results of Microbiological Tests and Cell Culture Studies. J Cosmet Dermatol 2019; 18: 1061–1065, doi:10.1111/jocd.12814.
49. Harrison F, Furner-Pardoe J, Connelly E. An Assessment of the Evidence for Antibacterial Activity of Stinging Nettle (Urtica Dioica) Extracts. Access Microbiol 2022; 4: 000336, doi: 10.1099/acmi.0.000336.
50. Kaźmierska A, Bolesławska I, Polańska A, et al. J. Effect of Evening Primrose Oil Supplementation on Selected Parameters of Skin Condition in a Group of Patients Treated with Isotretinoin – A Randomized Double-Blind Trial. Nutrients 2022; 14: 2980, doi: 10.3390/nu14142980.
51. Michalak M. Plant-Derived Antioxidants: Significance in Skin Health and the Ageing Process. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23: 585, doi: 10.3390/ijms23020585.
52. National Guideline Alliance (UK). Skin Care Advice for People with Acne Vulgaris: Acne Vulgaris: Management: Evidence Review B. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE); 2021.
53. Baldwin H, Tan J. Effects of Diet on Acne and Its Response to Treatment. Am J Clin Dermatol 2021; 22: 55–65, doi: 10.1007/s40257-020-00542-y.
54. Aalemi AK, Anwar I, Chen H. Dairy Consumption and Acne: A Case Control Study in Kabul, Afghanistan. CCID 2019; 12: 481–487, doi: 10.2147/CCID.S195191.
55. Penso L, Touvier M, Deschasaux M, et al. Association Between Adult Acne and Dietary Behaviors: Findings from the NutriNet-Santé Prospective Cohort Study. JAMA Dermatol 2020; 156(8): 854–862, doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2020.1602.
56. Carazo A, Macáková K, Matoušová K, et al. Vitamin A Update: Forms, Sources, Kinetics, Detection, Function, Deficiency, Therapeutic Use and Toxicity. Nutrients 2021; 13: 1703, doi: 10.3390/nu13051703.
57. Olsen T, Blomhoff R. Retinol, Retinoic Acid, and Retinol-Binding Protein 4 Are Differentially Associated with Cardiovascular Disease, Type 2 Diabetes, and Obesity: An Overview of Human Studies. Adv Nutr 2020; 11: 644–666, doi: 10.1093/advances/nmz131.
58. Marcelino G, Machate DJ, Freitas K. de C, et al. β-Carotene: Preventive Role for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity: A Review. Molecules 2020; 25: 5803, doi: 10.3390/molecules25245803.
59. Gudas LJ. Retinoid Metabolism: New Insights. Journal of Molecular Endocrinology 2022; 69: T37–T49, doi: 10.1530/JME-22-0082.
60. Szymański Ł, Skopek R, Palusińska M, et al. Retinoic Acid and Its Derivatives in Skin. Cells 2020; 9: 2660, doi: 10.3390/cells9122660.
61. Del Rosso JQ. Rationale for Use of Micronized Isotretinoin for Treatment of Acne Vulgaris: Practical Considerations and Therapeutic Advantages. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol 2023; 16: 20–24.
62. McLaughlin J, Watterson S, Layton AM, et al. Propionibacterium Acnes and Acne Vulgaris: New Insights from the Integration of Population Genetic, Multi-Omic, Biochemical and Host-Microbe Studies. Microorganisms 2019; 7: 128, doi: 10.3390/microorganisms7050128.
63. Zouboulis CC. Endocrinology and Immunology of Acne: Two Sides of the Same Coin. Exp Dermatol 2020; 29: 840–859, doi: 10.1111/exd.14172.
64. Bagatin E, Costa CS, Rocha MAD, et al. Consensus on the Use of Oral Isotretinoin in Dermatology – Brazilian Society of Dermatology. An Bras Dermatol 2020; 95(Suppl. 1), doi: 10.1016/j.abd.2020.09.001.
65. Kapała J, Lewandowska J, Placek W, et al. Adverse Events in Isotretinoin Therapy: A Single-Arm Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19: 6463, doi: 10.3390/ijerph19116463.
66. Mandekou-Lefaki I, Delli F, Teknetzis A, et al. Schema of Isotretinoin in Acne Vulgaris. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 2003; 23: 41–46.
67. Amichai B, Shemer A, Grunwald MH. Low-Dose Isotretinoin in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris. J Am Acad Dermatol 2006; 54: 644–646, doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2005.11.1061.
68. Wertz PW. Lipids and the Permeability and Antimicrobial Barriers of the Skin. J Lipids 2018; 2018: 5954034, doi: 10.1155/2018/5954034.
69. Rizzo G, Baroni L, Lombardo M. Promising Sources of Plant-Derived Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: A Narrative Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20: 1683, doi: 10.3390/ijerph20031683.
70. Mariamenatu AH, Abdu EM. Overconsumption of Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) versus Deficiency of Omega-3 PUFAs in Modern-Day Diets: The Disturbing Factor for Their “Balanced Antagonistic Metabolic Functions” in the Human Body. J Lipids 2021; 2021: 8848161, doi: 10.1155/2021/8848161.
71. Dyall SC, Balas L, Bazan NG, et al. Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Fatty Acid-Derived Lipid Mediators: Recent Advances in the Understanding of Their Biosynthesis, Structures, and Functions. Prog Lipid Res 2022; 86: 101165, doi: 10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101165.
72. Poli A, Agostoni C, Visioli F. Dietary Fatty Acids and Inflammation: Focus on the n-6 Series. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24: 4567, doi: 10.3390/ijms24054567.
73. Mousavi SM, Jalilpiran Y, Karimi E, et al. Dietary Intake of Linoleic Acid, Its Concentrations, and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. Diabetes Care 2021; 44: 2173–2181, doi: 10.2337/dc21-0438.
74. Li J, Guasch-Ferré M, Li Y, et al. Dietary Intake and Biomarkers of Linoleic Acid and Mortality: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2020; 112: 150–167, doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz349.
75. Mustonen AM, Nieminen P. Dihomo-γ-Linolenic Acid (20:3 n-6) – Metabolism, Derivatives, and Potential Significance in Chronic Inflammation. Int J Mol 2023; 24: 2116, doi: 10.3390/ijms24032116.
76. Czumaj A, Śledziński T. Biological Role of Unsaturated Fatty Acid Desaturases in Health and Disease. Nutrients 2020; 12: 356, doi: 10.3390/nu12020356.
77. Zhu Y, Vogelpohl FA, Heiner-Fokkema MR, et al. Plasma Phospholipid Fatty Acid Profile, Estimated Desaturase Activities and Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome in a General Population Cohort: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrition and Healthy Aging 2022; 7: 135–146, doi: 10.3233/nha-220155.
78. Brown KM, Sharma S, Baker E, et al. Delta-6-Desaturase (FADS2) Inhibition and Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Skeletal Muscle Protein Turnover. Biochem Biophys Rep 2019; 18: 100622, doi: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2019.100622.
79. Šarac I, Debeljak-Martačić J, Takić M, et al. Associations of Fatty Acids Composition and Estimated Desaturase Activities in Erythrocyte Phospholipids with Biochemical and Clinical Indicators of Cardiometabolic Risk in Non-Diabetic Serbian Women: The Role of Level of Adiposity. Front Nutr 2023; 10, doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1065578.
80. Arshad Z, Rezapour-Firouzi S, Ebrahimifar M, et al. Association of Delta-6-Desaturase Expression with Aggressiveness of Cancer, Diabetes Mellitus, and Multiple Sclerosis: A Narrative Review. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20: 1005–1018, doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1005.
81. Huang T-H, Wang P-W, Yang S-C, et al. Cosmetic and Therapeutic Applications of Fish Oil’s Fatty Acids on the Skin. Mar Drugs 2018; 16: 256, doi: 10.3390/md16080256.
82. Yarema N, Fedortsiv O, Palasiuk B. Influence of ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on the Structure of Immunocompetent Cell Membranes and the Parameters of Cellular and Humoral Immunity in Children with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Fam Med Prim Care Rev 2018; 20: 78–82, doi: 10.5114/fmpcr.2018.73707.
83. Kavyani Z, Musazadeh V, Fathi S, et al. Efficacy of the Omega-3 Fatty Acids Supplementation on Inflammatory Biomarkers: An Umbrella Meta-Analysis. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 111: 109104, doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109104.
84. Yuan J, Wen X, Jia M. Efficacy of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Hormones, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammatory Parameters among Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Ann Palliat Med 2021; 10: 8991001–8999001, doi: 10.21037/apm-21-2018.
85. Li X, Bi X, Wang S, et al. Therapeutic Potential of ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Human Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2019; 10: 2241, doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02241.
86. Lin Y-L, Wang C-L, Liu K-L, et al. Omega-3 Fatty Acids Improve Chronic Kidney Disease-Associated Pruritus and Inflammation. Medicina (Kaunas) 2022; 58: 796, doi: 10.3390/medicina58060796.
87. Thomsen BJ, Chow EY, Sapijaszko MJ. The Potential Uses of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Dermatology: A Review. J Cutan Med Surg 2020; 24: 481–494, doi: 10.1177/1203475420929925.
88. Saito-Sasaki N, Sawada Y, Mashima E, et al. Maresin-1 Suppresses Imiquimod-Induced Skin Inflammation by Regulating IL-23 Receptor Expression. Sci Rep 2018; 8, 5522, doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-23623-9.
89. Yoshida S, Yasutomo K, Watanabe T. Treatment with DHA/EPA Ameliorates Atopic Dermatitis-like Skin Disease by Blocking LTB4 Production. J Med Invest 2016; 63: 187–191, doi: 10.2152/jmi.63.187.
90. Huynh LBP, Nguyen NN, Fan HY, et al. Maternal Omega-3 Supplementation During Pregnancy, but Not Childhood Supplementation, Reduces the Risk of Food Allergy Diseases in Offspring. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2023; 11: 2862–2871, doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.06.005.
91. Rubin MG, Kim K, Logan AC. Acne Vulgaris, Mental Health and Omega-3 Fatty Acids: A Report of Cases. Lipids Health Dis 2008; 7: 36, doi: 10.1186/1476-511X-7-36.
92. Khayef G, Young J, Burns-Whitmore B, et al. Effects of Fish Oil Supplementation on Inflammatory Acne. Lipids Health Dis 2012; 11: 165, doi: 10.1186/1476-511X-11-165.
93. Soleimani Z, Hashemdokht F, Bahmani F, et al. Clinical and Metabolic Response to Flaxseed Oil Omega-3 Fatty Acids Supplementation in Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. J Diabetes Complications 2017; 31: 1394–1400, doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.06.010.
94. Jeong SK, Park HJ, Park BD, et al. Effectiveness of Topical Chia Seed Oil on Pruritus of End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Patients and Healthy Volunteers. Ann Dermatol 2010; 22: 143–148, doi: 10.5021/ad.2010.22.2.143.
95. Yoshimoto-Furuie K, Yoshimoto K, Tanaka T, et al. Effects of Oral Supplementation with Evening Primrose Oil for Six Weeks on Plasma Essential Fatty Acids and Uremic Skin Symptoms in Hemodialysis Patients. Nephron 1999; 81: 151–159, doi: 10.1159/000045271.
96. Linnamaa P, Savolainen J, Koulu L, et al. Blackcurrant Seed Oil for Prevention of Atopic Dermatitis in Newborns: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Clin Exp Allergy 2010; 40: 1247–1255, doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2010.03540.x.
97. Michalak M, Kiełtyka-Dadasiewicz A. Oils from Fruit Seeds and Their Dietetic and Cosmetic Significance. Herba Polonica 2018; 64: 63–70, doi: 10.2478/hepo-2018-0026.
98. Pyo H, An X, Cho H. The Role of Free Fatty Acid Receptor Pathways in a Selective Regulation of TRPA1 and TRPV1 by Resolvins in Primary Sensory Neurons. J Cellular Physiology 2022; 237: 3651–3660, doi: 10.1002/jcp.30826.
99. Sergeant S, Rahbar E, Chilton FH. Gamma-Linolenic Acid, Dihommo-Gamma Linolenic, Eicosanoids and Inflammatory Processes. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 785: 77–86, doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.04.020.
100. Muggli R. Systemic Evening Primrose Oil Improves the Biophysical Skin Parameters of Healthy Adults. Int J Cosmet Sci 2005; 27: 243–249, doi: 10.1111/j.1467-2494.2005.00274.x.
101. Chung BY, Park SY, Jung MJ, et al. Effect of Evening Primrose Oil on Korean Patients with Mild Atopic Dermatitis: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study. Ann Dermatol 2018; 30: 409–416, doi: 10.5021/ad.2018.30.4.409.
102. Brosche T, Platt D. Effect of Borage Oil Consumption on Fatty Acid Metabolism, Transepidermal Water Loss and Skin Parameters in Elderly People. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2000; 30: 139–150, doi: 10.1016/s0167-4943(00)00046-7.
103. Kawamura A, Ooyama K, Kojima K, et al. Dietary Supplementation of Gamma-Linolenic Acid Improves Skin Parameters in Subjects with Dry Skin and Mild Atopic Dermatitis. J Oleo Sci 2011; 60: 597–607, doi: 10.5650/jos.60.597.
104. Jung JY, Kwon HH, Hong JS, et al. Effect of Dietary Supplementation with Omega-3 Fatty Acid and Gamma-Linolenic Acid on Acne Vulgaris: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial. Acta Derm Venereol 2014; 94: 521–525, doi: 10.2340/00015555-1802.
105. Fabbrocini G, Cameli N, Lorenzi S, et al. A Dietary Supplement to Reduce Side Effects of Oral Isotretinoin Therapy in Acne Patients. G Ital Dermatol Venereol 2014; 149: 441–445.
106. Jeong MG, Kim JE, Ahn JY, et al. Effects of Gamma-Linolenic Acid for the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris Treated with Isotretinoin. Korean J Dermatol 2016; 51: 863–870.
107. Park KY, Ko EJ, Kim IS, et al. The Effect of Evening Primrose Oil for the Prevention of Xerotic Cheilitis in Acne Patients Being Treated with Isotretinoin: A Pilot Study. Ann Dermatol 2014; 26: 706–712, doi: 10.5021/ad.2014.26.6.706.
108. Yao Q, Jia T, Qiao W, et al. Unsaturated fatty acid-enriched extract from Hippophae rhamnoides seed reduces skin dryness through up-regulating aquaporins 3 and hyaluronan synthetases 2 expressions J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 20(1): 321–329, doi: 10.1111/jocd.13482.
109. Caglar S, Yildiz GK, Bakoglu I, et al. The Effect of Sunflower Seed and Almond Oil on Preterm Infant Skin: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Adv Skin Wound Care 2020; 33: 1–6, doi: 10.1097/01.ASW.0000672500.18525.2e.
110. Zwara A, Wertheim-Tysarowska K, Mika A. Alterations of Ultra Long-Chain Fatty Acids in Hereditary Skin Diseases – Review Article. Front Medicine 2021; 8, doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.730855.
Copyright: © 2024 Family Medicine & Primary Care Review. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/), allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.
  
Termedia
About us Contact
Copyright notice Privacy policy Advertising policy Contact us
Quick links
Journals Books eBooks Events
© 2025 Termedia Sp. z o.o.
Developed by Bentus.