Emollient therapy in children with atopic dermatitis – a pilot study

Introduction
Atopic dermatitis is chronic and recurrent inflammatory dermatosis characterized by the presence of skin pruritus and dryness. The crucial factor determining the therapeutic success is adequate collaboration between patient and physician. Emollients are recommended medications to be applicated at any point of atopic dermatitis management.

Aim
To assess the impact of preferences, beliefs and adherence of caregivers of children suffering from atopic dermatitis in the aspect of recommended emollient therapy and their relationship to the symptoms severity in children.

Material and methods
This is a pilot study. The answers from anonymous questionnaires regarding preferences, beliefs and adherence in the aspect of emollient therapy were collected from 50 parents of children suffering from atopic dermatitis. Each caregiver self-evaluated the itch severity using a visual-analogue scale as well as the skin condition in child. Nominal variables were compared using the 2 test or 2-sided Fischer test. For the comparison between groups the Mann-Whitney’s U test and the Kruskal-Wallis’ test were used.

Results
The predominantly selected formulation of emollient was the bath liquid/emulsion. A number of 39 caregivers remarked the positive effect of the emollient on the condition of skin in a child. The highest ratio of respondents applicated emollients twice a day. The determining factor for the choose of the emollient was the severity of skin lesions. Caregivers who indicated improvement in assessed skin condition and itch in children more frequently preferred emollients in the formulation of cream and ointment. According to the opinion of most study participants the crucial element of emollient therapy was the regular use of emollients. Regular use of emollients was an important factor related to the improvement of the clinical condition.

Conclusions
Preferences and beliefs of caregivers may possess a significant impact on adherence during emollient therapy for atopic dermatitis in children which affects the benefits from treatment. The partnership of a physician and caregiver of a child with atopic dermatitis is the foundation for developing an individualized therapy schedule.